Estimated NAPL removal (ENR) was determined from the amount removed in the flood,

the post-remedial saturations, and the mean arrival time of the post-flood conservative tracer.

First, each MLS the ethanol flood BTC was numerically integrated using the trapezoidal method,

resulting in [(mg/L)*T] units. The density of PCE (pPCE) is 1.62 g/cm3


 CPCEdT
 ENR= .Pc .-) (2-4)
 (S"' *7*PPCE P+CpdT

The ENR moderately correlated with FNR determined directly from the PITT (R2=0.64). The

ENR calculations were then employed to back-calculate initial PCE saturation using Eq. 2-3.

These results are included in Table 2-2 and indicated with asterisks.

2.13 Flux Reduction

 In the remedial induced flow field, groundwater concentration data was scaled to the PCE

maximum solubility. By comparing the initial scaled concentrations to the post-remedial scaled

concentrations, we can calculate a fractional flux reduction (FFR) using the left side of Eq. 1-15.

Table 2-9 summarizes the RW and MLS flux reductions as a result of this pilot test.

Table 2-9. Fractional flux reduction (FFR) based on scaled PCE concentrations from RW
 and MLS wells. MLS sampling depths are meters below ground surface.
 Well FFR 8.08 m 8.69 m 9.07 m 9.45 m 9.91 m

 RW-2 0.785
 RW-3 0.736
 RW-4 0.605
 RW-5 -0.311
 RW-6 0.462
 RW-7 -0.273
 Mean MLS
 MLS-1 0.682 0.994 0.999 0.411 0.936 0.068
 MLS-2 0.948 0.906 0.988 0.996 0.970 0.881
 MLS-3 0.823 0.967 0.998 0.977 0.194 0.981
 MLS-4 0.989 1.000 0.987 0.989 0.993 0.975
 MLS-5 -19.285 1.000 -1.092 -0.333 -14.037 -81.964
 MLS-6 0.980 1.000 0.989 0.994 0.954 0.963
 MLS-7 0.492 0.862 -0.425 0.968 0.796 0.258