removal decreased with depth increase. This is likely due to low estimated remedial fluid

velocity at this depth of this test; that is, the inability of remedial fluids to thoroughly penetrate

the lowest MLS depth.

Table 2-8. Fractional NAPL removal from RW and MLS well tracer tests at Sages.
 MLS sampling depths are meters below ground surface.
 Well FNR 8.08 m 8.69 m 9.07 m 9.45 m 9.91 m

 RW-2 0.615
 RW-3 0.802
 RW-4 0.380
 RW-5 0.594
 RW-6 0.547
 RW-7 0.750
 Mean MLS
 MLS-1 0.547 0.885 0.708 0.495 0.481 0.166
 MLS-2 0.384 0.800 0.121 0.779 0.016 0.204
 MLS-3 0.626 0.804 0.030 0.605 0.912 0.778
 MLS-4 0.637 0.037 0.653 0.828 0.904 0.762
 MLS-5 nv nv nv nv nv nv
 MLS-6 0.135 0.667 0.853 0.942 0.749 0.135
 MLS-7 nv -1.287 nv 0.137 0.089 nv


 The effect of initial PCE saturation on the resultant FNR was evaluated graphically.

Figure 2-15 demonstrates that as initial PCE saturation increased, the mass removal effectiveness

was also increased for the Sages ethanol flood test. The fit line was generated using the

Langmuir Equation with a 1/FRNto 1/%SN linear relationship. The Pearson product correlation

coefficient for that plot was 0.90. This correlation identified that for this ethanol flushing test,

the remedial flow field removed much of the regions of high PCE saturation in only a few days.

Although the lower initial saturation zones achieved some DNAPL removal, the fraction of that

removal was smaller than higher pre-SN wells and depths. In regions of high initial saturation,

there may be greater post-remedial PCE than low saturation zones, but the fraction of removal

was considerably higher.