The curvature ductility factors were typically larger than the displacement ductility

factors. The curvature ductility factor of specimen SCG1 was 15% higher than the

ductility factor of specimen SCC1. The curvature ductility factor of specimen SCG3 was

22% higher than the ductility factor of specimen SCC3. Therefore an improvement in the

curvature ductility factor was observed for the specimens reinforced with the CFRP grid.


Table 6-6. Experimental curvature ductility factors
Specimen Mi Mu ,o ,u [o
 (k-ft) (k-ft) (rad/in.) (rad/in.)
 SCC1 89.8 89.8 0.000708 0.000789 1.10
 SCC2 114.5 114.5 0.000714 0.000810 1.13
 SCC3 102.7 104.3 0.000683 0.000778 1.10
 SCG1 112.3 121.1 0.000721 0.000912 1.26
 SCG3 107.2 116.1 0.000566 0.000759 1.34


 Conclusions

 Based on the results presented in this chapter the following conclusions can be

drawn:

* The results from the piles indicate that the ductility of the grid piles was improved by
 and amount of approximately 12 to 22% depending on the type of ductility factor
 used. The visual observations during the testing of specimen SCG2 point towards an
 even greater improvement for that specimen. Experimental data to support these
 visual observations do not exist because they were lost during the test.

* The fiber model calculated the capacity of the piles. The difference between the
 experimental and predicted peak loads was less than 8%.

* The tests revealed problems with the manufacturing practice that proved to be very
 significant in influencing the behavior of the pile specimens.

* The results presented in this chapter represent a lower bound solution to the ductility
 problem of spun-cast manufactured CFRP reinforced piles.

 Based on the test observations and data presented in this chapter the following

comments and recommendations are offered:

* Concrete confinement can be further improved with the use of a heavier grid with
 more fibers in the hoop direction or more layers of this particular grid. It is therefore
 recommended to use a higher number of grid layers of a heavier grid.