LIST OF FIGURES Figure page 1-1 Means (+ 1 SD) material biomechanical traits of stems for seedlings of eight tre e sp e c ie s ...............................................................................................................3 5 1-2 Mean (+ 1 SD) % fiber content (% NDF) for seedlings of eight tree species..........36 1-3 Log-log relationships between some material properties of stems for seedlings of eight tree species .................. .................................. .. ...... .. ........ .... 37 1-4 Means (+ 1 SD) structural biomechanical traits of stems for seedlings of eight tree species. ................................................... ................. 38 1-5 Means (+ 1 SD) biomechanical traits of leaves for seedlings of eight tree species. 39 1-6 Log-log relationships between some biomechanical properties measured at 6 mos after first leaf expansion (T2), and % mean survival in shade for seedlings of eight tree species ............................................................................ 40 2-1 Kaplan-Meier survivorship curves for seedlings of eight tree species transplanted to the forest understory. ............................................ ............... 63 2-2 Kaplan-Meier survivorship curves (proportion of seedlings yet to be hit by specified damage agents plotted against time) for seedlings of eight tree species transplanted to the forest understory ............................................. ............... 64 2-3 Percent of real and artificial seedlings (AS) damaged during 1 yr in the forest understory by specific dam age agent ............................................ ............... 65 2-4 Kaplan-Meier survivorship curves for mechanical damage experienced by artificial (AS) and real seedlings during 1 yr in the forest understory ...................66