TABLE OF CONTENTS page A C K N O W L E D G E M E N T S ................................................................................................ ii LIST OF TABLES ............... ...................... ..................... ...... .. ........ vii LIST O F FIG U RE S .................. ....................................... ................ ............. viii ABSTRACT................................................ ix CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE PROBLEM ..........................................1 R rationale for the Study ..................................... .. ........... .. ..5 Importance of Early Identification and Intervention...........................................5 Ongoing Debate.................. .. ...... ................................. A Continuing Attention on Phonological Awareness Research............................6 New Trends of Reading-Related Vision Research..............................................8 A Rising Attention on Rapid-Naming Skills................................. .............. 10 Problem s w ith Prior R research ........................................................................ 11 W hy R leading F lu ency ? .................................................................................. 13 Scope of the Study .................. .......................... ..................................... 13 Delimitations .......................... ............... .........14 Lim stations ...................................... ..... ........... .14 Brief Definition of Term s ................................. ......................... .. ............ 14 2 LITERATURE REVIEW .............................................................................16 Theoretical Fram ew ork.............................................. 17 Connectionism ............... ............ ....... .. .............. .................. 17 Seidenberg and McClelland's Connectionist Model................. ..... ..........18 Seidenberg and McClelland' s Model on Orthographic Deficits.........................19 A dam s' Reading Process M odel ................................................... .... 21 Ehri's Theory of the Development of Word Recognition............... ...............23 Prealphabetic phase ................................... ......................24 P artial alph ab etic ph ase .................................................................................. 24 Full alphabetic phase .............................. ..............................25 Consolidated alphabetic phase ............................... ............... 25 Deficit Theories Involving Reading Disabilities .................. ................ ....26