~L~ 11 ~3 EOL1 PDELSEED E P-sandwich Figure 1-3. Structure of the a subunit of E coli F1Fo ATP synthase. The residue numbers and subunit labels are color coded to match the subunits it represents. The E subunit has been suggested to undergo large conformational changes during catalysis from an overwhelming amount of biochemical data. Two different structures have been obtained for the a subunit, confirming the previous data. A) Superimposition of the Ca trace of the E structure obtained from isolated a subunit (u-helices shown in red and the P-sandwich shown in blue) with the structure obtained from the y-s complex (yellow). B) Composite structural model. Rotor stalk is based on the crystal structure obtained from the y-s complex. The PDELSEED, Ecu2 and the s P-sandwich are indicated to show the close proximity of PDELSEED and Su2 aS well as the relative distance between the Su2z and the s P-sandwich. 134