from the carpentry than the poorest and less market integrated ones. This unequal

distribution of benefits suggests that the carpentry operations had increased the

socioeconomic differentiation within villages. These inequities were found to be

associated with the presence of social conflicts within villages, -a condition that could

potentially undermine community involvement and the future of the carpentries.

 The second goal stated in the project documents, initiation of the production of

furniture for sale on a sustained basis, was partially achieved. Although, only a few

pieces of furniture were sold to nearby colonists, this exposure allowed villagers to garner

some experience in a community-based forest enterprise. This experience allowed them

to understand some of the challenges for a successful commercial operation including

their own limitations in marketing, developing quality products, and accurately

calculating production costs. This experience also raised villager expectations about

production of furniture for income generation.

 If, in the future the carpentries remain focused on production for self-consumption,

strategies would need to be developed to cover operational expenses such as machinery

maintenance and fuel supply. However, the lack of market access, and the insufficient

organizational, business and forest management skills are factors that could easily

undermine the future of the carpentry, particularly if villagers decided to change the self-

consumption nature of the carpentries to a more market-oriented project. Further

technical and economic support from external actors may also be needed to help mitigate

the negative impacts of such a commercial venture on the people and the forest, and

possibly open up new opportunities for positively interacting with the market, and

utilizing cash benefits for greater community gain. Under these conditions, perhaps