3 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE.................................... ................................... 35

 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. ..... 35
 3 .2 D ev ice F ab rication ......................................................................... ..................3 5
 3 .2 .1 S u b stra te s ....................................................................................3 5
 3.2.2 Phosphor Film D position .................................... ................................... 35
 3.2.4 A l Film D position ......................................................... ............... 38
 3.2.5 R apid Therm al A nnealing ........................................ ........................ 38
 3.3 D vice C haracterization................................................. ............................. 42
 3 .3 .1 E L M easu rem ent ............................................................... ....................42
 3 .3 .2 Q -V M easurem ent ............................................................. ....................4 5

4 COMPARISON OF INFRARED EMISSION FROM HALF-STACK AND FULL-
 STACK ZINC SULFIDE RARE EARTH FLUORIDE ACTFEL DEVICES...........47

 4.1 Introduction..................................... ......................... ..... ......... 47
 4.2 E xperim mental .......................................................................... ..... ......... 47
 4 .3 R e su lts................................... ............................................ 4 9
 4.3.1 ZnS:ErF3 as ACTFEL Phosphor ............................ ........................49
 4.3.1.1 EL properties com prison ...................................... ............... 49
 4.3.1.2 Electrical m easurem ents ..... ................................... ..... .............56
 4.3.2 ZnS:TmF3 as ACTFEL Phosphor...................................... ............... 60
 4.3.2.1 EL properties com prison ...................................... ............... 60
 4.3.2.2 Electrical m easurem ents ........... .. ........... ....... ...... ............60
 4.4 Discussion ................ ........ ................. 70

5 C O N C L U SIO N ......... ......................................................................... ......... ........75

LIST OF REFEREN CES ...................................................................... ............... 76

B IO G R A PH IC A L SK E TCH ...................................................................... ..................79





















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