Yellow Fever at Miami 43


from Havana." One month later, on March 31, a formal quarantine
of Miami against Havana was announced this had been standard
practice since the city's incorporation. The wooden-hull steamer
Lincoln was replaced by the steel-hull steamer Miami on the Miami
to Havana run, possibly because wooden-hull vessels were thought
more likely to hold the contagion of yellow fever."
 On August 11, yellow fever broke out in the Soldier's Home,
Hampton, Virginia, among soldiers recently returned from duty in
Havana. Two weeks later, the first case of yellow fever was discov-
ered in Key West. Jackson was notified of this occurrence on Au-
gust 31, prompting him to order the institution of a quarantine against
expected refugees from Key West. The quarantine went into effect
on September 1.13
 About September 2, the steamer Santa Lucia, carrying fumi-
gating equipment, took up station in the mouth of the channel at Cape
Florida.14 Persons living on the Keys who wanted to make purchases
in Miami placed their order at this quarantine station, and the orders
were taken by "immunes" to town and brought back to the station.
All craft entering Biscayne Bay were stopped, fumigated and re-
quired to remain in detention from five to seven days. If no sickness
appeared, the craft was permitted to proceed up the bay to Miami.
Among the first parties intercepted was a group of Miami mechanics
who had been working in Key West and had fled under cover of
darkness. When they arrived at the bay, they were stopped and
placed on Soldier's Key in Biscayne Bay where they battled hordes
of mosquitos for a week before entering Miami.15 Another hapless
detainee was Captain Charles John Peacock of Coconut Grove who
was returning from Key West with a schooner load of stable manure
to sell to the farmers. He had to dump the manure in the bay and
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YellowFeverImmunity Card,signed by Dr. James M.Jackson. (Courtesy of Dr.
William M. Straight)