According to Millon (1981), personality development is linked to

"periods of neurological maturation rather than psychosexual stages or

cognitive functions" (p. 79). He referred to these periods as

"neuropsychological stages." They are stage 1, sensory-attachment, which

comprises the first year of life; stage 2, sensorimotor-autonomy, gener-

ally occurring over the next 3 years of the child's life; and stage 3,

intracortical-initiative, what he called the peak period of neurological

maturation for certain psychological functions (p. 89). This stage

occurs between the ages of 4 and 18. It is within this last stage that

Million believes coping strategies are learned. Million developed a

theoretical model of the essential strategies that guide coping behavior

in terms of "what reinforcement the individual is seeking, where the

individual is looking to find them, and how the individual performs in

order to obtain them" (p. 91).

 The theoretical model begins with two basic dimensions. The first

dimension has to do with an individual's possessive source of positive

or negative reinforcement and within this dimension there are four

distinct styles:

 1. Detached. This group represents the people who experience few

 rewards or satisfaction.

 2. Dependent. People who measure their satisfaction or discom-

 forts on how others react to them.

 3. Independent. People whose satisfaction is in terms of their

 own values and desires with little reference to the wishes of

 others.