Paratypes. (1) BMNH 1982.4.13.4786, TL 112 mm, SL 91 mm, collection information same as for holo- type, (2) BMNH 1920.5.25.83-84, TL 98-103 mm, SL 76-79 mm, Vua Bay, L. Tanganyika, coll. L. Stappers, (1) BMNH 1955.12.20.1833, TL 103 mm, SL 80 mm, Moba Bay, L. Tanganyika, coll. Inst. Roy. Sci. Nat. Belge, 7.111.1947, (1) BMNH 1955.12.20.1837, TL 101 mm, SL78 mm, Rumonge Bay, L. Tanganyika, coll. Inst. Roy. Sci. Nat. Belge, (1) BMNH 1982.4.13.4784, TL 105 mm, SL 81 mm, Kamara Bay, L. Tanganyika, coll. R. Travers, (3) BMNH 1982.4.13:4789-4791, TL 109- 117 mm, SL 86-92 mm, Kigonga Bay, L. Tanganyika, coll. R. Travers, (2) BMNH 1982.4.13:4787-4788, TL 104-120 mm, SL 81-93 mm, Elephant's Foot Peninsula, L. Tanganyika, coll. R. Travers, (3) MRAC 39186-39188, TL 93-100 mm, SL 72-80 mm, Moba (Lake Tanganyika), coll. Van Maldern, 1932, (2) MRAC 53096-53097, TL 107-114 mm, SL 80-91 mm, Nyanza (L. Tang.), coll. A. Testiade, 1937, (3) MRAC 90273-90275, TL 123-147 mm, SL 96-111 mm, Stat: 63, offshore from the Malagarasi, 10-15 km from the coast, coll. M. Poll, 3.11.1947, (2) MRAC 91606-91607, TL 114-121 mm, SL 96-98 mm, Uvira, Lake Tanganyika, coll. G. Marlier, 1 .IX. 1949, (3) SAIAB 77890, TL 98-104 mm, SL 75-81 mm, Jacobsen's Beach, Tanzania, 0454'31"S, 029036'02"E, 05.X.1992. Diagnosis. -Axillary pore present, large; mandibu- lar teeth 17-26; body with large spots; fin spines brown to black; 7 pectoral-fin rays; black patches at base of pelvic and anal fins absent or poorly developed; eye 64.2- 81.0% snout length; premaxillary toothpad uninterrupted; secondary branches on medial mandibular barbel ab- sent; occipito-nuchal shield covered with skin; papillae on skin of body absent; hindgut chamber absent; maxi- mum TL 150 mm. This species is most similar in appearance to Synodontis multipunctatus, but is distinguished by its much larger eye (64.2-81.0% of snout length vs. 44.9- 62.0% in S. multipunctatus). A consistent difference also exists in pectoral-fin ray counts, with S. grandiops having a count of 1,7 and S. multipunctatus having a count of 1,8, and S. grandiops reaching a much smaller maximum TL than does S. multipunctatus (150 mm vs. 280 mm). Synodontis grandiops is distinguished from other Tanganyikan species of Synodontis by its much larger eye (Tables 1 and 2) and modal pectoral-fin ray count of 1,7; other species have modal pectoral-fin ray counts of 1,8 or 1,9. Description. Morphometric and meristic data in Table 4. Maximum TL 150 mm, SL 110 mm. Body compressed laterally. Predorsal profile convex; inter- rupted by ridge formed by dorsal rim of eye. Preanal BULLETIN FLORIDA MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 46(4) profile convex. Skin on body forming numerous vertical folds; papillae absent. Head somewhat depressed, broad; skin smooth. Snout subconical when viewed laterally; rounded when viewed dorsally. Occipito-nuchal shield completely cov- ered with skin; terminating posteriorly with narrow, rounded process on either side of dorsal spine; ventrally with wide, rounded process (covered with skin in smaller specimens) that extends to upper margin of humeral pro- cess on either side of body, also covered with skin in smaller specimens. Eye dorsolateral, ovoid; horizontal axis longer. Interorbital area flat to slightly convex. Mouth subterminal; lips wide and papillate. Man- dibular teeth 17-26, short, unicuspid; arranged in single transverse row. Premaxillary toothpad uninterrupted; primary, secondary and tertiary premaxillary teeth dis- crete, numerous, arranged in 2, 2, and 1 irregular rows, respectively. Maxillary barbel without basal membrane; lacking branches or crenelations; extending at least to base of pectoral fin. Lateral mandibular barbel extending to point just short of anterior margin of pectoral girdle; with 4-5 non-tuberculate branches; lacking secondary branches. Medial mandibular barbel 1/2 to 2/3 length of lateral bar- bel; with 4-5 pairs non-tuberculate branches; lacking secondary branches. Dorsal fin 11,7; posterior margin straight. Dorsal- fin spine long, striated, nearly straight, terminating in short, white filament; anterior margin of fin spine with 0-3 small serrations distally; posterior margin with small serrations distally. Pectoral fin 1,7; posterior margin straight. Pec- toral-fin spine roughly equal in length to dorsal-fin spine, striated, slightly curved, terminating in short, white fila- ment; anterior spine margin withmany small, antrorse serrations; posterior margin with large, retrorse serra- tions along entire length. Adipose fin short, poorly de- veloped, margin convex. Pelvic fin i,6; located anterior to vertical through origin of adipose fin; tip of appressed fin barely reaches base of anal fin. Anal fin iii-iv,6-8; posterior margin nearly straight; base located ventral to adipose fin. Caudal fin i,7,8,i; forked; lobes pointed. Humeral process narrow, elongated, granulous; possessing distinct ridge on ventral margin; dorsal mar- gin convex; terminating in sharp point (Fig. 3C). Large, dark-colored axillary pore present just ventral to humeral process. Gut length 0.8-0.9 times body length (n = 4, MRAC 53096-53097, MRAC 90273-90275). Hindgut chamber absent. Coloration in alcohol. Dorsum pale yellow to brown, covered with large black spots (Figs. 8, 9). Spots larger, irregular, sometimes confluent in juvenile speci- mens. Belly white, with or without black spots. Maxil-