LANKESTERIANA 18b Column without globose, setose appendages beneath; stipe variable .................... .........................................................19 19a Lip with a prominent keel below the 2-lobed callus; lip blade pilose; viscidium triangular, truncate ..................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... A e th e o r h y n h a 19b Lip without a basal keel; callus various; lip blade glabrous; viscidium ovate or subpandurate ( elliptic)........20 20a Viscidium ovate, without conspicuous stipe................................................................................ ............................. Chondrorhyncha 20b Viscidium subpandurate; stipe distinct .. Ixyophora ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. The authors thank Ron Determann (Atlanta Botanical Garden), Tilman Neudecker, Klaus Breuer, Marni Turkel, Gustavo Romero, and Andres Maduro for plant material, and INEFAN (Quito, Ecuador) and David Neill for permits and assistance in Ecuador. We thank Stig Dalstrom for the drawings in Figure 6. We thank Wendy Zomlefer and Samantha Koehler for many constructive comments on the manuscript. This work was supported in part by NSF grant DEB 9509071 to WMW, NSF grant DEB 0234064 to NHW and WMW, and by grants from the American Orchid Society Fund for Education and Research. LITERATURE CITED Ackerman, J.D. 1979. Dodsonia, a new Ecuadorian genus of the Zygopetalinae (Orchidaceae). Selbyana 5: 116-119. Ackerman, J.D. 1983. Euglossine bee pollination of the orchid Cochleanthes lipscombiae: a food source mimic. Amer. J. Bot. 70: 830-834. Bennett, D.E. Jr. & E.A. Christenson. 1994. New species and combinations in Peruvian Orchidaceae. Brittonia 46: 24-53. Cameron, K.M., M.W Chase, W.M. Whitten, PJ. Kores, D.C. Jarrell, VA. Albert, T. Yukawa, H.G. Hills & D.H. Goldman. 1999. Aphylogenetic analysis of the Orchidaceae: evidence from rbcL nucleotide sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 86: 208-224. Chase, M.W, J.V Freudenstein, K.M. Cameron & R.L. Barrett. 2003. DNAdata and Orchidaceae systematics: a new phylogenetic classification. In: Dixon, K.W, S.P Kell, R.L. Barrett & PJ. Cribb (eds.). Orchid Conservation. Natural History Publications. Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. p. 69-89. Dodson, C.H. & R. Escobar R. 1993. Native Ecuadorian orchids. Vol. 1. Hola Colina Ltda., Medellin. 207 p. Dodson, C.H. & G.A. Romero. 1995. Revalidation of the genus Benzingia (Zygopetalinae: Orchidaceae). Lindleyana 10: 74. 1995. Dodson, C.H. & T. Neudecker. 1993. Chondrorhyncha escobariana y Chondrorhyncha gentry, nuevas species del grupo chestertonii. Orquideologia 19: 46-54. Dressier, R.L. 1971. Nomenclatural notes on the Orchidaceae V Phytologia 21: 440-443. Dressier, R.L. 1976. Studying orchid pollinationwithout any orchids. In: Senghas, K. (ed.). Proceedings of the 8th World Orchid Conference. Deutsche Orchideen Gesellschaft e.V Frankfurt. p. 534-537. Dressier, R.L. 1980. Orquideas huerfanas II. Cryptarrhena Una nueva tribu, Cryptarrheneae. Orquidea 7: 283-288. Dressier, R.L. 1981. The orchids: natural history and classification. Harvard Univ. Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 332 p. Dressier, R.L. 1983a. Eine charakteristische neue Cochleanthes aus Panama: Cochleanthes anatona. Die Orchidee 34: 157-161. Dressier, R.L. 1983b. Die Gattung Chondrorhyncha in Panama mit zwei neuen Arten: Chondrorhyncha crassa und Chondrorhyncha eburea. Die Orchidee 34: 220-226. Dressier, R.L. 1993. Phylogeny and classification of the orchid family. Dioscorides Press, Portland, Oregon. Dressier, R.L. 2000. Precursor to a revision of the Chondrorhyncha complex. Orquideologia 21: 233- 255. Dressier, R.L. 2001. On the genus Chondroscaphe, with two new species from Central America, ( ,...-. ...- caphe atrilinguis and C. laevis. Orquideologia 22: 12-22. Dressier, R.L. & C.H. Dodson. 1960. Classification and phylogeny in the Orchidaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 47: 25-68. Felsenstein, J. 1985. Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 46: 159- 173. Fowlie, J.A. 1969. An annotated check list of the genus Warczewiczella. Orch. Digest 33: 224-231. Fowlie, J.A. 1984. A further contribution to an understanding of the genus Huntleya. Orch. Digest 48: 221-225. Garay, L. A. 1969. El complejo Chondrorhyncha. Orquideologia 4: 139-152. Huelsenbeck, J. & F. Ronquist. 2003. MrBayes: Bayesian inference of phylogeny. Software distributed by authors at http://morphbank.ebc.uu.se/mrbayes/info. Vol. 5, N 2