Table 5-11. Retardation factors of mixed phenolic compounds
 calculated by various methods.

--------------------------------------------------------
 Compounds # pore vol. Eq.(l-3)* Eq.(5-2)*

 Phenol 1.03 1.017 1.014
 2,4-DCP 1.16 1.144 1.109
 PCP 2.26 3.385 2.566

 p=1.45 g/ml, n=0.45, C =3.75 mg/l
 phenol : K =0.00518,b=0.868
 2,4-DCP : K =0.0447, b=0.791
 PCP : KA=0.74, b=0.682
 FA


 5.4 Batch Biodegradation


 The data from all batch biodegradation experiments are

shown in Appendix C. All measured concentrations were

normalized as C/C x 100%. These normalized data were used

to evaluate the degradation rates and to plot figures. The

degradation rates were calculated as apparent rates, which

include the effect of adsorption at the beginning and the

effect of desorption later during the course of the

experiment. The apparent degradation rate constants for

phenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol are very close to the real

values since adsorption of these two compounds was fairly

weak. However, PCP has a much stronger adsorption than

phenol and 2,4-DCP do, which could cause the apparent

degradation rate constants to be high. Therefore another

set of results calculated by subtracting adsorption effects

at the beginning, termed conservative degradation rate

constants, are presented for all PCP degradation data. The

conservative data did not account for the loss of later