8 ELIZABETH DAVIS

Although MacCannell briefly mentions the reasons behind this
significant objection to tourism, in the discussion that follows, he erases
the objection of "third world radicals" that tourism exploits the third
world in order to make money for the first world and focuses instead
on the objections of the elitist anti-tourist travelers who object to
tourism simply because increased crowding and commercialism spoil
the sights for them (164). This very brief mention of the perspective
of the toured serves only to reinforce MacCannell's positive view of
tourism and to support his larger project of interrogating the experience
of the tourist.
 M. Jacqui Alexander interrogates much more thoroughly the effects
 of tourism on the third world, exposing tourism as part of the neo-
 imperialist exploitation of the third world through the IMF, World Bank
 and SAID:

 The contemporary version of development now called structural
 adjustment, finds expression in a powerful...alliance among foreign
 multinational lending agencies...the American state and neocolonial
 regimes... In particular, the programmes have been organized to
 reduce local consumption by devaluing currency, increasing potential
 tax holidays for foreign multinational corporations, expanding
 investment in tourism, dismantling state-owned enterprises, and
 curtailing the scope of state bureaucratic power by reducing the
 workforce and reducing the social wage... (Not Just 16)

 She goes on to debunk the myth that tourist sites need tourist dollars
in order to survive, revealing the tourist's complicity in the exploitation
of the third world:

 The mass production of the imperial tourist psyche rests in the power
 of an ideology wherein an entire population (particularly women)
 could be mobilized into service on one's behalf; the belief that the
 foreign currency one provides is indispensable to the operation of
 the economy and vital for the very population which services one.
 This produces psychic occlusions of different kinds... [T]he extent
 to which the state disciplines the population to ensure that it works
 to make things "Better in the Bahamas" for tourists, and not
 themselves, is [never] made visible. (Erotic 94)

 Alexander's work indicates that regardless of the way the tourist
experiences his or her tourism, he or she is contributing to the
exploitation of the third world.