BULLETIN FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM


other productive uses in the future. Research begun on the successional
sequence of sand tailings and to relict native habitats (Marion et al. 1981)
should be continued. This would complete coverage of the array of exist-
ing post-mining treatments and would use natural areas both as controls
for gauging the success of natural reclamation and as indicators of what
wildlife resources have been lost in the mining/reclamation process. An-
other approach to evaluating the fish and wildlife to be lost in a proposed
mining area is to estimate the socioeconomic value of the resource from
a survey of recreational fish and wildlife activities; such a study has been
conducted by the Alberta Oil Sands Environmental Research Program
(1978). Management techniques for enhancing target game populations
on transitional clay settling ponds, unreclaimed land, and reclaimed areas
should be evaluated with field trials. Field trials also could be used to
test the role of fire in altering succession on consolidated clay, as sug-
gested by Breedlove and Adams (1977). Tests should be conducted to
combine consolidated clay settling areas with a complete or fringing sand
cap to create flatwoods or upland/wetland. Continued work is needed to
evaluate the amount and regional diversity of the fish and wildlife re-
source to be restored after mining.
 Agronomic studies of reclaimed pastures with both overburden and
sand tailings soils should be conducted to learn what subsidies are needed
to support ranching and whether such ranchland is competitive with non-
mined rangeland. Forestry studies of both native tree communities and
commercial plantations should be done to evaluate the effect of re-
claimed soil composition, depth, and substrate on tree growth. The po-
tential for establishing longleaf pine savanna or sand pine forest on deep
sand tailings should be investigated.

 LITERATURE CITED

Alberta Oil Sands Environmental Research Program. 1978. A socioeconomic evaluation
 of the recreational use of fish and wildlife resources in Alberta, with particular refer-
 ence to the AOSERP study area. Vol. 1: Summary and conclusions. AOSERP Report
 43:1-116. (Available from 15th Floor, Oxbridge Place, 9820-106 St., Edmonton, Al-
 berta, Canada T5K 2J6).
Auffenberg, W. 1978. Gopher tortoise. Pp. 33-35 in R. W. McDiarmid (ed.). Rare and
 Endangered Biota Florida. Vol. 3. Amphibians and Reptiles. Univ. Presses of Florida,
 Gainesville, 74 p.
Breedlove, B.W., and S.R. Adams. 1977. Natural systems occurring on mined lands of
 the central Florida phosphate district. Pp. 15-29 in Environments of the Central Flor-
 ida Phosphate District. Southeast. Geol. Soc. Guidebook No. 19, 76 p.
Clench, M.H., and R.C. Leberman. 1978. Weights of 151 species of Pennsylvania birds
 analyzed by month, age, and sex. Bull. Carnegie Mus. Nat. Hist. No. 5, 87 p.
 Davis, J.H. 1967. General map of natural vegetation of Florida. Univ. Florida, Inst. Food
 Agric. Sci., Agric. Exper. Stat. Circ. S-178.


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