FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Table 2. Selected North American Datums and Ranges Referenced to MSL (after Harris, 1981).
Station MHHW MHW NGVD MTL MLW MLLW
Eastport, ME 9.32 8.88 -0.20 -0.10 -9.01 -9.41 18.20
Portland, ME 4.87 4.45 -0.22 0.00 -4.46 -4.80 8.91 Boston, MA 5.16 4.72 -0.31 -0.15 -4.86 -5.19 9.58
Newport, RI 2.18 1.93 -0.23 +0.15 -1.69 -1.75 3.62 New London, CN 1.48 1.22 -0.43 -0.10 -1.34 -1.45 2.60
Bridgeport, CN 3.61 3.31 -0.54 -0.05 -3.36 -3.52 6.70
Willets Point, NY 3.85 3.59 -0.58 -0.05 -3.58 -3.78 7.10
New York, NY 2.51 2.19 -0.49 +0.05 -2.29 -2.42 4.50 Sandy Hook, NJ 2.66 2.33 -0.51 0.00 -2.34 -2.47 4.60 Breakwater Harbor, DE 2.46 2.04 -0.41 -0.05 -2.08 -2.15 4.10
Reedy Point, DE 3.07 2.73 -0.35 -0.10 -2.77 -2.85 5.51
Baltimore, MD 0.74 0.51 -0.43 -0.03 -0.52 -0.64 1.03
Washington, DC 1.54 1.39 -0.54 0.00 -1.37 -1.42 2.76 Hampton Roads, VA 1.41 1.22 -0.02 +0.03 -1.22 -1.26 2.44 Wilmington, NC 2.26 2.02 -0.38 +0.02 -2.24 -2.33 4.26 Charleston, SC 1.88 2.87 -0.05 +0.21 -2.67 -2.81 5.17 Savannah River Entr. 3.77 3.38 -0.28 -0.15 -3.66 -3.70 6.94
FLORIDA Listed in Table 1.
Mobile, AL 0.73 0.65 -0.05 -0.05 -0.62 -0.70 1.27
Galveston, TX 0.57 0.47 -0.10 -0.05 -0.44 -0.85 0.91
San Diego, CA 2.90 2.11 -0.21 -0.05 -2.09 -3.06 4.10
Los Angeles, CA 2.63 1.91 -0.08 0.00 -1.87 -2.82 3.80 San Francisco, CA 2.59 2.04 +0.06 +0.30 -1.93 -3.14 4.00 Cresent City, CA 3.22 2.56 -0.12 0.00 -2.49 -3.75 5.10 South Beach, OR 3.22 2.56 -0.49 +0.02 -3.09 -4.48 6.30 Seatle, WA 4.83 3.94 -0.35 0.00 -3.75 -6.48 7.60 NOTES:
MTR = Mean range of tide; average value of MTL is -0.01 feet MSL; average value of NGVD (1929) is -0.29 feet MSL; these stations do not necessarily represent open coast gauging sites.
term beach changes. synonymous with beach face but is commonly more inclusive, containing also The foreshore slope or beach face slope some of the beach profile below the berm (Figure 5) is defined by the Share Protecton which is normally exposed to the action of Manual (U. S. Army, 1984) as "... that part the wave swash." The berm or beach berm of the shore lying between the crest of the is the "... nearly horizontal part of the beach seaward berm (or upper limit of wave wash or backshore formed by the deposit of at high tide) and ordinary low water mark, material by wave action ... some beaches that is ordinarily traversed by the uprush and have no berms, others have one or several" backwash of waves as tides rise and fall." (U. S. Army, 1984). The berm and Komar (1976) elaborates further, stating that foreshore (or beach face) are separated at the foreshore slope "... is often nearly the berm crest or berm edge.
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