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S: So by that time, once we got their guidelines and studied them they looked at all
 of the applications and, as I told you, they gathered the data concerning how
 they were out of line with FCC requirements. We met at the Urban League, and
 there was one night my husband called the police because I had never stayed
 out all night long in my life. We were so busy I forgot to call home and say where
 I was. When I got here my sisters were here and it was morning. We were
 working so hard I really didn't think [about it]. We read each of the stations
 applications and we were sitting in booths in there and everybody was working
 on something. It would all come to me and I would okay whatever or write up the
 protests that went along with it. We did that actually in one night, but some more
 work had gone ahead of it and what we were doing was pulling together.

W: So it was a collating sort of exercise.

S: Yes, and the deadline was the next day for getting it to FCC. I think we sent
 people off in the car. I think they had to be there about four o'clock that day and
 by about ten they were ready to leave. It was all tight and packaged and ready
 to go. It was the biggest surprise. The information we sent was valid. But I think
 the thing that did surprise me was that they didn't go off the air. It was that they
 were to come into compliance or their licensing would not be renewed on the
 following year. The FCC has changed so that they don't have the same kind of
 regulations. We have stations that are totally white and totally black. I guess
 that's because black stations came into being. I listen to a Bible broadcasting
 station that comes out of Charlotte, North Carolina. They are very conservative
 and they don't have any black voice or black ministers, and they have stations all
 over the world.

W: Can I just ask what were the main black oriented radio stations at this time? Do
 you remember the call signs of the ones that were most important to the black
 community in Richmond?

S: There weren't any.

W: There weren't any black owned ones, but there were a lot that were
 broadcasting.

S: There were not a lot. Alan Knight was on a white station. He was the first disc-
 jockey in Richmond. He was on WKIE, but that was a white station.

W: Right, lots of them got little smatterings of black artist programming; maybe a
 little bit here and a little bit here. There are no black owned stations until much
 later.