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The Gatekeeper Series of the Sustainable Agriculture Programme is produced by the
International Institute for Environment and Development to highlight key topics in the field
of sustainable agriculture. The Series is aimed at policy makers, researchers, planners and
extension workers in government and non-government organizations worldwide. Each paper
reviews a selected issue of contemporary importance and draws preliminary conclusions of
relevance to development activities. References are provided to important sources and
background material. The Swedish International Development Authority and the Ford
Foundation fund the series.

John Farrington is a Research Fellow and Anthony J Bebbington is a Research Fellow and
Coordinator of the Agricultural Research and Extension Network at the Overseas Develop-
ment Institute, Regent's College, Regent's Park, London NW1 4NS. An earlier version of this
paper was presented at the the joint IIED/IDS "Beyond Farmer First: Rural People's
Knowledge, Agricultural Research and Extension Practice" workshop, Institute ofDevelop-
ment Studies, University of Sussex, October 27-29, 1992.

1994


GATEKEEPER SERIES NO. SA43