Appendix 143

 "After being put up according to any of these modes, the seeds should
be enclosed in a box; which should be covered with pitch to protect them
from damp, insects and mice. During the voyage they should be kept in a
cool, airy and dry situation; not in the hold of the ship.
 "The oily seeds soonest lose their germinating faculty. They should be put
in a box with sandy earth in the following manner: first, about two inches
of earth at the bottom; into this the seeds should be placed at distances pro-
portionate to their size; on these another layer of seeds; and so on with
alternate layers of earth and seeds, until the box is filled within about a foot
of the top, which space should be filled with sand, taking care that the earth
and sand be well put in, that the seeds may not get out of place. The box
should then be covered with a close net work of cord, well pitched, or with
split hoops or laths, also pitched, so as to admit the air without exposing the
contents of the box to be disturbed by mice or accident. The seeds thus
put up will germinate during their passage, and will be in a state to be
planted immediately on their arrival.
 "Although some seeds, with a hard shell, such as nuts, peaches, plums,
&c. do not come up until a long time after they are sown, it would be
proper, when the kernel is oily, to follow the method just pointed out, that
they may not turn rancid on the passage. This precaution is also useful for
the family of laurels, (laurinae,) and that of myrtles, (myrti,) especially
when they have to cross the equatorial seas.
 "To guard against the casualties to which seeds in a germinating state
may be exposed during a long voyage, and, as another means of insuring
the success of seeds of the kinds here recommended to be put into boxes with
earth, it would be well also to enclose some of them (each seed separately,)
in a coat of bee's wax, and afterwards pack them in a box covered with pitch.
 "In many cases it will be necessary to transmit roots. Where roots are to
be transmitted, fibrous roots should be dealt with in the manner herein
recommended for young plants. Bulbous and tuberous roots should be put
into boxes in the same manner as has already been recommended for oleagi-
nous seeds; except, that, instead of earth, dry sand, as free as possible from
earthy particles, should be used. Some of the bulbous and tuberous roots,
instead of being packed in sand, may be wrapped in paper, and put in boxes
covered with net work or laths. Roots should not be put in the same box
with seeds.
 "Where the seeds of plants cannot be successfully transmitted, they may
be sown in boxes, and sent in a vegetating state. Where more than one
kind is sown in the same box, they should be kept distinct by laths, fastened
in it crosswise on a level with the surface of the ground in which they were
sown: and when different soils are required, it will be necessary to make separ-
ate compartments, in the box. In either case they should be properly marked,
and referred to in descriptive notes which accompany them.
 "When plants cannot be propagated from seeds with a certainty of their
possessing the same qualities which long culture or other causes may have
given them, they may be sent in a growing state. For this purpose, they should
be taken up when young. Those, however, who are acquainted with their
cultivation in the countries where they grow, will know at what age they may
be safely and advantageously removed. They may be transplanted direct into
the boxes in which they are to be conveyed; or, where that cannot be con-