A. Definitions and Background of Extension Activities

 A wide range of extension programs have emerged. Some of the

more common will be listed here, simply to indicate the type of programs

that will be analyzed late in the paper.

 1. Conventional Extension. A conventional extension program

includes personal on-farm visits by extension agents to (usually larger

progressive) farmers. These farmers may adopt suggested techniques and

provide demonstration farms; or the agents themselves may cultivate demon-

stration plots.

 2. Training and Visit Extension. Extension agents may receive

regular fortnightly training, and then come to villages on a regular

schedule to give groups of "contact farmers" specific recommendations on

cultural practices.

 '3. Model Farmer. Village groups can elect representatives (a

"model farmer") to attend weekly or fortnightly training programs at some

administrative center. The model farmer is then obligated (in theory) to

report back to the group what he learned at the training program.

 4. Farmer Training Programs. Training programs can be developed

for various time periods. During the dry slack season it might be for a

few weeks or more. At busier times, training would be limited to a few

days. In other cases, farmer training centers can provide training through-

out a whole agricultural year to farmers who reside at campus-like centers.

 5. Mass Communication. Radio programs can offer farmer information.

Demonstration can be conducted at market places, fairs, etc.

 6. Models. Innovative progressive individuals and villages can be

identified and used as models. Their successes can be highlighted in media