CHAPTER 2 BACKGROUND This chapter will provide the background necessary to understand the crystallography and precipitate types that will be described in detail in Chapter 5. It additionally provides some seminal ideas on nucleation mechanisms for the ordered nonequilibrium coherent phases that will be shown to precipitate in the otherwise disordered gamma matrix. All the known equilibrium phases are also described and the relevant phase diagrams presented. Interpretation of the diffraction patterns of the NixMo coherent phases is explained last. 2.1Phase Diagrams 2.1.1 Binary Phase Diagrams 2.1.1.1 Ni-Mo The binary Ni-Mo equilibrium phase diagram is shown in Figure 2.1 (Hansen, 1958). This diagram has been recently confirmed by Heijnegen and Rieck (1973). Three equilibrium intermetallic phases can occur: N4M0, a Dla superlattice, N3M0, an orthorhombic phase, and NiMo, an orthorhombic phase. Only NiMo is ever at equilibrium with the liquid. 7