The Rance Constitution, drawn up and signed by one of the present
elected Ministers of Trinidad and Tobago, states this :

 "We reject the idea of adding nominated members to the
 elective chamber, since the expedient of mixing nominated and
 elected members in a single legislative body is not viewed with
 favour, and is on the whole on the way out."

 This development of the power of the popularly elected House of
Commons in England was associated with the growth of the party system
and cabinet government. The British practice developed over the years
to the point where the leader of the majority party in the House of
Commons is called upon by the Sovereign to form a Government. He
is the Prime Minister of the cabinet and selects his own colleagues.
He and his cabinet retain office so long as they enjoy the confidence of
the House of Commons-that is to say, so long as they can keep their
party together-or until their defeat in a subsequent election. The
Sovereign is constitutionally bound to follow the advice of the Prime
Minister. The supremacy of the cabinet is the outstanding charact :ristic
of the omnipotence of the British Parliament, which is exemplified oj the
familiar saying, that Parliament can do everything except change a man
into a woman. In the light of modern progress in the field of surgery,
it is doubtful today whether even this limitation on the power of Parlia-
ment can be acknowledged.

 The United States system of democracy has diverged fro:n the
British. Whilst it retained the fundamental feature of a bicameral
legislature, it deliberately introduced a complicated system of checks and
balances designed to make it impossible for any one party to control
all the principal organs of the government. The United States set up
five such organs : the President, the Supreme Court, the House of
Representatives, the Senate, and the individual State governments
empowered to legislate on all matters not specifically reserved to the
Federal Government. Each of the four parts of the Federal Government
has specific responsibilities, holds office for varying terms, and was
originally selected in a different way-the President, selected by an
electoral college, holds office for four years; the Supreme Court,
appointed by the President with the approval of the Senate, holds office
for life ; the House of Representatives, elected by adult suffrage, holds
office for two years ; the Senate, now elected by the people but before
1918 by the States, holds office for nine years, one-third of its number
retiring every three years. The President, elected on a Republican ticket,
may have to work with a Republican Senate elected two years previously
and a Democratic House of Representatives elected two years after he
assumes office, with the majority of the Governors and Congresses of
the States Democratic.

 The French system, too, has peculiarities of its own. But it may be
said that all the democratic systems agree in three respects, whatever the
difference in their mechanics :. (a) a legislature of two houses, with the
lower house clearly supreme in the European system, and the second
chamber enjoying more prestige in the United States; (b) a strong party