180 INDEX. Surface Drainage, 154, 156, 168 to 193 inclusive Structures of the Continents, 110 to 145 inclusive Swamps, 180 alee Temperature of the Atmosphere, 233 to 240 inclusive of the Ocean, 197 Temporary Springs, 159 Tertiary Age, 71, 77 Texas Northers, 250 Thermometer, 233 Thunder, 253, 279, 293 Tidal Races, 219 Waves, 210 to 219 inclusive Tides, 207 to 219 inclusive in Inland Waters, 217 Tornadoes, 258, 401 Trade Winds, 246, 249 Transporting Power of Glaciers, 285 Transverse Valleys, 108, 388 Tropic of Cancer, 16, 27, 346 of Capricorn, 16, 27, 346 Tropics, 16, 27, 346 Tufa, 39 Tundras, 132, 323 Typhoons, 255 U. Undulating Plains, 104 United States, 380 to 431 inclusive Unity of the Human Race, 357 Unstratified Rocks, 67 Uranus, 8, 9, 24 Utility of Lakes, 193 of Mountains, 102, 106 of Ocean Currents, 226 ' of Rivers, 174 Vv. Valleys, 108, 252, 282 to 286 inclusive Value of Mineral Products, 369 Vapors or Gases of Volcanoes, 39 Variations of Temperature, 236, 397, 398 Varieties of Coral Formations, 100 of Earthquake Motion, 52 of Islands, 90, 85, 96 of Mineral Substances, 370 Vegetation, 311 to 338 inclusive, 402 to 406 inclusive, 408 to 412-in- clusive, 428 Velocity of a River, 168 of Earthquake Motion, 53 Venus, 8, 9 Vertical Distribution of Vegetation, 324 Forms of the Land, 82 Rays of the Sun, 235 Volcanic Ashes and Cinders, 39, 40, 242 Cones, 40 Dust, 39 Dykes, 40 Eruptions, 43 Vapors or Gases, 39 ‘Islands, 96 Volcanoes, 36 to 49 inclusive, 79, 96, 242 W. Water, 4, 79, 146 to 226 inclusive as Food, 153 Hemispheres, 85 Water-falls, 169 Water-sheds, 168, 181, 182 Water-spouts, 259 Waves, 207, 208, 212 to 216 inclusive, 218, 401 Weather Bureau, 401 Signals, 401 Western Continent, 83, 88, 104 Hemisphere, 21, 83 Whirlpools, 219 Whirlwinds, 258 Wind Zones, 246, 276 Winds, 79, 241 to 261 inclusive NG Year, Astronomical, 27 Sidereal, 24 Tropical, 24 Yellowstone Park, 165, 388 Yosemite Falls, 169 Z. Zones, 28, 239, 246, 317 to 323 inclu- sive, 395 of Animal Life, 342, 344, 346, 347, 348 of Calm Winds, 246, 273 of Cold Temperate Vegetation, 321 Mathematical, 28 North Frigid, 28 Temperate, 28, 395 of Perennial Rains, 276 of Polar Vegetation, 323 Winds, 246, 276 of Rains, 273, 276 of Sub-Arctic Vegetation, 322 of Sub-Tropical Vegetation, 319 of Trade Winds, 246, 274 of Tropical Vegetation, 318 of Variable Winds, 246, 276 of Vegetation, 317 of Warm Temperate Vegetation, 320 of Winds, 246, 276 Physical, 239, 395 Polar, 28, 239, 240, 246, 317, 322, 323, 344 South Frigid, 28 Temperate, 28 Temperate, 28, 239, 317, 320, 321, 334, 344, 347 Torrid or Tropical, 28, 239, 240, 317, 318, 319, 332, 334, 344, 346, 395 Zoological Geography, 339 to 355 in clusive