OSTRICHES 215

jealousy, hatred, emulation, vindictiveness, curiosity,
pride, and the sense of the beautiful are all exhibited
by them unmistakably. The scope of their nest-
building powers is notorious, and none the less won-
-derful because it is known. Every condition of
society seems to be represented amongst them, from
the solitary dweller in the woods to the dwellers in
towns, and even the dwellers in the close quarters of
a flat, like the sociable grosbeaks.

RATIT2.-—Here, again, we can begin by setting
up two divisions, one with teeth and one without.
This time the toothed brigade are represented by the
Odontolce, the type of whom is Hesperornzs, the
swimming ostrich of cretaceous days, who had a tail
with a dozen vertebre, and rejoiced in a long array
of pointed reptilian teeth set in slender jaws which
were united, as in the snakes, only by cartilage, so
that its swallowing powers were equal to any emer-
gency. With the note that he had four toes, all
directed forwards, we can leave his brigade for the
toothless ones.

Of these there are five groups—the kiwis, the
moas, the cassowaries, the rheas, and the ostriches.
Of these, the first three have hardly any humerus,
while the other two have rather a long one. The
kiwis, too, have a big toe, while the moas and casso-
waries, including, of course, the emus, have not. The
ostriches have but two toes; the rheas have three.
An interesting survival in the rhea is that of a claw
on three of the fingers, thus indicating the origin of
wings from prehensile fore-limbs.