. — | \\ NY \\ \ WN NN AN \ \ SF a Ee yet SSR, ahha sae a ars ee TaN oe tA aya ip gt Se z os fa roe ie ag AA es aes ae Seo i "3 See oO ok yr ER eee ee pe Ret ee Baud Site t ee Le % = eS 4 Leach bP ote aoe cae ae be ee bihcp heh es e Oy Py FP seo Boe ee es * es Se fey ae recat 5 ay De ee sc eee re eg a aD as FROM GOLDEN GATE - THROUGH | SUNRISE LANDS. A TRIP THROUGH CALIFORNIA ACROSS THE PACIFIC TO JAPAN, CHINA AND AUSTRALIA, BY EDWARD A. RAND. AUTHOR OF “PUSHING AHEAD; “ROY’S DORY;” “BARK CABIN;” “TENT IN THE NOTCH,” ETC., ETC., ETC. ILLUSTRATED. THE ORIENTAL PUBLISHING CO. COPYRIGHT SRCURED Le BY J. B. JENKINS, 1804. ‘CON DENTS. CHAPTER. Pace J. Wuo THEY WERE rs ; 6 ° ° ° e ° » 33 II. WersTERN FREAKS sees ‘ . ° ° ° ° + 23 III. At San FRANCISCO . : ‘i ° . ° . ° - 42 IV. At SEA ; ; aise . : ° . GS) V. DISCOVERIES . ‘ . : ; ‘ . . eas . 60 VI. LIGHTHOUSES. ; 5 : , : ; ‘ , : Ro ont VII. Jack BopsTay SPINNING YARN. : . . : a - 276 VIII. Sunrise Lanp at Last : . . . . . . - 94 IX. In YoxouaMa : 3 ; 6 5 ; . . - 202 X. EARTHQUAKES AND RAILROADS . : a ° e 3 DEO XI. SIGHTSEEING IN TOKIO A " . . 6 6 . 118 XII. Ricx’s Fans : 5 : . . . ° ° . + 132 XIII. AsourT JAPANESE RULERS . . : . ° ° ° - 138 XIV. JapaNEsSE TEMPLE— AND A STORY . 9 ope ened her neL A XV. CHILDREN AND CHILDREN’S SPORTS . : 3 “4 K . Ist XVI A SHortT TRIP . So ‘ ; i ; : F Bass XVII. A JinRIKisHa JOURNEY . . : : . . ° - 107 XVIII. Oxa anp MurRASAKI . 6 ‘ : _ ; 6 . » 190 XIX. Japan TEA . : ; : : é . . ° ° » 195 XX. Mourners aNnD RELicious FaITHs . : ° . . + 200 XXI. Tue Cat anp THE Fox : " Fi Heras . . + 209 XXII. Tue Bamspoo, Rain Coats, AND BLIND MEN . : : vee 207 XXIII. THE Rain . 226 XXIV. XXV. , XXVI. XXVII. XXVIII. XXIX. XXX. XXXI. XXXII. XXXII. XXXIV, XXXV. XXXVI. XXXVIL. XXXVIII. KXXIX. XL. XLI. XLII. XLII. CONTENTS. SPREADING CANVAS FOR AUSTRALIA . ° THE ANTELOPE THE WIDE SEA MAN AT THE WHEEL AND MAN ABOUT TELESCOPES é % CoraL IsLanps anD CORAL NEw ZEALAND Z AUCKLAND Maoris. THROUGH Cook’s STRAIT AUSTRALIA, BY Rick RoGERS SYDNEY 3 THE Storm , : f ; “GoLtp! GoLtp!” , . ; A Bic SHeep Farm A QUEER CouNTRY . . THE INTERIOR oF AUSTRALIA CHINA aT Last . : . CANTON . sda te . OLD FRIENDS ASAIN . e IN THE Moon . 24 247 251 256 262 266 275 278 - 283 286 299 308 319 327 342 353 374 382 LIST OR ME US Aeni@inis: PAGE, All-aboard Boys. Lrontispiece.| The good Woman . ; Sunrise Boys : 12| How the Voyage may erd . All Aboard — Initial . 13|Joe. : - Concord Bridge 14 | Sunset at Golden Ge and Fort Point She interceded with the ore 15| The City of Tokio . Nurse Fennel at home 17 |In high Northern Latitude . The Suspension Act . 19 | Phases of the Moon The Barrel Act . . . 1g} Under full Steam ; Grandpa Roger’s Home in Sunimer . 20] Funny Ways of Making a Hire Echo Rock 23|/A Bell Boat . : SEV Lower Cajion of the ans 24) First class Light Ship on steam The Grand Cafion looking West from fog Whistle ? Toro Weap : 25 | Mt. Desert Lighthouse . Gunnison’s Butte at the foo of ca. Fourth order Lighthouse at pentnele Cafion . ; 27| L. I. Sound Climbing the Grand Ciscn 28 | Lighthouse at the “Thimble Shoals,” ee Bird’s-eye View of Terrace Cafions 29| Hampton Roads, Va. . : _Winnie’s Grotto yuk 31/A modern Style of Lighthouse . Interpreter and his Family . 32|How Uncle Nat spent his leisure Marble Cajion 33| Hours . Gate of Lodore . 35 | Walrus Running a Rapid . 36| A Vessel turning into an eee Island Monument Glen Canon 37|A Sleeping-bag . Marble Cafion 38| Bound for the Ship Buttes of the Cross in the eo Pid Icebergs on every Side Wu-near Tur-weap . 39| A Kayak Indian Village 40] On Snow Shoes - Camp-Fire at Elfin Water Packer 41 | Jack when spilled out Standing Rocks on the Brink of Mu-av Life Basket . Cafion . 42 | Sending help through ine Ne to ne How the Voyage neh, 43| Nancy Dee Cape Horn : 43| Life Boat . : Woodward’s Garaen 45 | A Greenland Whale The Minute Man . 47 How many Waves there seemed to be 48 49 51 53 55 57 59 60 67 68 69 72 73 75 76 77 80 81 82 83 85 86 88 gt g2 ia) 8 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. Ship Ahoy! . Fujisan, the highest iseanewat in japan ; The Sun as viewed from the Planets A View in Tokiyo . Dreamland A Style of Dress On a comfortable Sofa Street in Yokohama Daimiyo in Court Dress . ‘ The Way the Mikado careileds in Japanese Fashion New England Coasting . el Reconnoitering for an Earthquake The round Moon ae: The Mikado on a Journey in Fare: pean Fashion The seven-stroked Home Nihon Bashi : The champion Oarsman . Grandpa’s Clock Pagan Temple in Japan . A Sintoo God— the God of Longevity Japanese Shops peer Storks . Rick’s Fans . Young America pemnde a Japanece Fence Cea en he eee Our Japanese Luxuries on a_ hot August Day j A good Friend to Japan Japanese Story-Teller A Group of Japanese Mothers ond Children : : The last of the mesons : ; Torii at Entrance to Shinto Temple. Too Late . A Doll Maker Japanese Sport . A Japanese Decorator A Cemetery . : A donely Meal for the fopanes: Wome PAGE. 93 94 95 98 IOL 102 ‘ 103 104 106: 107 10g IIo Ii12 113 118 121 123 124 128 129 131 132 133 134 136 138 139 I41 145 149 152 153 156 158 159 163 One of the old-time Archers Japanese Woman and Child Kindness to the Birds Making Tea . Won't you take a Cup of Tea ae us? Having a social Time Out for a Walk . Stretched out for the Nien A Poetess : An Old Japan See ; ; : “The Frog Band is out serenading Somebody ”. First Chop Bond of Union . Japanese Mourners : Beating the Temple Drum . ; The Excursion of Tengon by Water . A Japanese Mischief Maker A Yankee Kitsune up to his Fun . Mad because receiving Tails Kitsune leading astray an innocent young Creature : The Sabbath of the Foxes Japanese Boy Rain Coat — : Eastern Straw Goods . Japanese Birds . Eleven bare-headed hea Men . A handsome Object Bob Gray laughed at her 3 The Landlord’s Daughter nel oanine on the Koto Seer Chopsticks for one . An interesting Time— A Marsan. Trying to get a Crab off the Rocks Mark of Respect Over the fair blue Waters ae Boston Harbor . Uncle Nat’s favorite inmicctal Entrance to Suwo Nada . A Celebration by the Spider Hamat. BAGE » 167 170 171 175 £79 183 185 188 190 191 197 195 200 201 205 206 209 210 211 213 215 217 218 219 221 223 226 227 228 230 233 237 239 240 241 244 245 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. Bound for Australia What for Dinner : On a Hogshead to see me ae ; ; The Fishes taking Bumble-bee’s Leav- ings . : The Chronometer . A volcanic Country in Winter On the Ocean Wave Telescope at Cambridge * Telescope at Washington What the Waves cover Coral d “Suthin’s Comin’ Came A Lagoon Siah’s Cousin The famous Planet Painting the Lion’s Head A marine Flower Pot . A Fan handsomer than’ te in Japan .. - Meduse or Jelly gh : Young Jack Bobstay Old Jack Bobstay . Rick : : A Trap for the cayeees ; ee One Proof that the World is round A Song of Home What occasions the Tides In Cook’s Strait : Wiser than a whole ier of Owls é The aspiring Rooster A Source of Wealth The Calm of Sunset Sydney Ralph leaning over the chil s Rail “Glorious” to be a Sailor Trying to carry a plate of Soup Not so glorious to he a Sailor . After the Storm Hobson’s Bay Railway rie ”_and “ Suthin’ PAGE, 247 249 251 254 256 259 261 262 263 265 266 267 271 272 273 275 276 279 280 281 282 283 284 286 289 293 295 296 298 299 302 393 306 » 308 309 310 311 313 9 i PAGE, Bourke Street, Melbourne, 1880, look- ing East ; 310 Public Museum and leben 318 I wonder which way Home is . 319 Group of Aborigines 32) A Dog ran up and barked at ine 327 Prize Australian Sheep 329 Not much Wool on them . 332 The Keeper of the Sheep fast eo 335 A Cousin to your Boundary Rider 337 Wake up, Rick 341 Bees! Lees! . : 342 All Aboard for cuneee land 343 On the jump . 344 The Black Swan 345 Lyre Bird ; 347 A familiar Creature . . . . . * 348 The Bower Bird 348 Hammock Bird. . . . 5G 349 A big Bird stalking toward hin ; 349 Through the Wilds of Australia . . 352 Trading with the Aborigines + 353 Christmas in Old England ESC Kangaroo and Baby ass Christmas in Australia 359 Chinese Artist : 362 On and across a Sea of elt : 363 Chinese Junk : 365 Chinese Rick and the Lamp 366 Out:door Scenes in China ; 369 An old Citizen of the Flowery Dance) 371 Hong Kong Woman saves 372 A young Celestial 373 Image of Confucius 374 Image of Buddha 376 A cheap Umbrella 378 Lord of the twenty-four Ueeiiee 379 Umbrella Procession . 380 Chinese Girls 381 Joe Pigtail 382 Rick’s Dream 384. \\ \\ \ \ \N deep.) 200 feet THE COLORADO. (6 GRAND CANON OF Pea An@ ars ALL ABOARD! Wherever one may have a chance to take the cars for the West, we invite them to meet us in San Francisco and join in this proposed trip. It will cost but little; nothing for meals, or lodgings, or extra clothing, for steamboat or railroad fare. The only thing needed is the possession of the book itself, and a leisure hour under a garret-roof that the rain is tapping, or by a blazing fire in winter, or out in a swinging hammock when summer comes. Are there not boys who like adventure, a fire and a chowder on the beach, a climb, too, up a sand-hummock, though vicious gusts and pelting rain may follow? Then all aboard for Sunrise Lands! Are there not some who are shut upin sick rooms? We feel for you,and this trip is for you also. We have spoken to the “clerk of the weather,” who has promised sunny skies. There will be, though, one storm, but not a raindrop shall reach you. And the girls—do we leave them out? They are all welcome. Plenty of room for everybody. The Antelope is to be built in part of a new material— iron and rubber. She will last, and yet she will swell to the size of any desired passenger-load. All-aboard ! We would here express our indebtedness to the Rev. D. Crosby Greene, D. D. of the Japan Mission of the American Board, and one of the transla- tors of the Japanese New Testament, for timely suggestions as to Japanese customs, and also acknowledge the courtesy of Messrs. E. W. and L. E. Page of New York city, whose experience in Australia and elsewhere in the Pacific has been a valuable one. And we want to be able to thank every one, the young and the old, for going with us. We want all to know Uncle Nat, Ralph and Rick, Jack Bobstay —but the last bell is sounding! All aboard! E. A. RB ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. CHAPTER I. WHO THEY WERE. < LL ABOARD for Sunrise Lands! All aboard!” And wasn’t it the merriest voice in the world saying this? Then it must have been Uncle Nat who gave the above invitation, for he had that kind of voice. He was calling out to his enterpris- ing nephews, Ralph Rogers and his brother, Rick, as they took the cars at a California station for San Francisco. Ralph and Rick were Massachusetts boys whose home was in Concord. Their father had long been dead, but their mother still kept up the old home. “It’s good blood, what is in you, boys,” the mother would say. “You know the Concord woman in Revolutionary times, when Major Pitcairn aad his British troops came to town. The court house had been set on fire, and it threatened to | burn her house. She interceded with the major, her water pails in her hands, and got him to put the fire out. She belonged to our family Blood tells, boys. Don’t forget.” “No, mother, but blood won’t put out fires. There has got to 13 14 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. be a man behind it, and mind makes the man here in America,” said Ralph, “one day, threatening to swell to the size of a Fourth of July speech. “ But it is in’em, the blood after all,’ the mother said to herself. “Their ancestors fought at Concord Bridge.” Ralph was about fourteen, and Rick three years and a half younger. Rick was just the sort of boy to get into a scrape, enthusiastic and impulsive, and Ralph who was a bit cooler, would sometimes prove to be the very boy to get Rick out of a scrape. Rick had a face for- CONCORD BRIDGE. ever on the smile, his blue eyes laughing, and his mouth also, except —look out for such moments! When Rick looked sober, and talk- ing excitedly, said, “See—see, R—Ralph! Look-er here! Couldn’t you and I””—his mother did not need to hear the rest. “Oh, dear, what is Rick up to now?” she would exclaim. Rick’s soberness meant that the mischievous thought laughing out of his eyes and mouth, had shaped itself into a plan, and would si NNWN ny i i WAY AAAS and \ WHO THEY WERE. “17 soon be heard from. Ralph’s face was more quiet and subdued, and his eyes were of a softer hazel, but there was the same kind of family-smile— their father had it before them—making its sunny home in the corners of both his eyes and mouth. They were gen- erous, big-hearted boys, though inheriting from our common father, Adam, a good share of human infirmities, liking fun and their own way more than was always convenient for their mother. “Oh, dear,” she would sometimes say, “I don’t know what Rick is coming to, and there is Ralph who is more steady, but he surprises me also, now and then. But there, I mean to do the best I can, and ask God to do the rest.” In all this she was very sensible. An unwelcome guest, the scarlet fever, came into the house one day, and when it had gone out again, it spitefully left Ralph and Rick very “weak and mizable” as old Nurse Fennel said. Rick’s round face, whose eyes and mouth were the hiding places of con- stant and roguish smiles, looked quite narrow and sad, while Ralph -stepped feebly as if his next request would be for a crutch. “ Yes, mizable, jest mizable them boys are, and you jest need, Miss Rogers, to give them a change of hair. A change of hair is what will fix ’em,” triumphanily said ' Nurse Fennel. She had thought this out one day while busily knitting, at the same time offering to her tame squirrel a home in her pocket. She had lived in England in her earlier days, afterward coming to Yankee-land. Consequently, the NURSE FENNEL AT HOME, 18 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. peculiarities of dialect of the old and the new country had fastened themselves upon her like the barnacles encrusting the piers of an old wharf. “A change of what?” asked Mrs. Rogers, fancying that the old lady wanted the boys’ locks to be removed. “Oh, I see now! But they take the air and walk out every day.” “T mean a journey, marm.” “A journey?” thought Mrs. Rogers. “Where can it be?” There happened along, that very week, Uncle Nat Stevens. God bless the Uncle Nats with which he has sprinkled the world like plums in a pudding. This Uncle Nat was a man past forty, and a sea-captain. He had a stout body and a big head, a rosy face, brown eyes and a brown moustache to match them. He had much energy of manner, and he was a thorough seaman. He had helped himself and gone up rapidly from post to post, but he was ready to help others, and an old sailor said, “the cap’n was a regular chicken at heart if any one might be swamped in a rough sea and need help,” for his heart matched in size his head. The day after his arrival in Concord, the captain and Mrs. Rogers were . talking about family-matters. “The boys are pretty well, but they do need a change,” affirmed Mrs. Rogers. “Hillen Maria,” the captain replied in his bea rapid way, “you say your lambs need a change, and I don’t wonder, for they look thin as a potato-skin. Now see! You know I am said to be one of those folks always along just in time to put their foot into everything.” So he was, but it was a most excellent foot he brought with him. “Now, let me tell you what kind of a cruise I shall be up to this year. I am going to San Francisco, and there taking steamer, shall run over to Japan. At a Japanese port, I expect to find my old | ship, the Antelope. She has been in other hands the past year, but when she reaches Japan, the owners wish to make a change, and WHO THEY WERE. 19 want me to take her again. Then I slip down through the Pacific to New Zealand, across the water to Australia, then up to Hong Kong, and afterwards I may go to India and Kgypt, through the Mediterranean, home. Look here, Ellen Maria!” Ellen Maria looked. “Now I am going to make a proposition, and that is, to let me take your two boys with me.” Ellen Maria’s eyes went up and her hands aa aE went down. “Massy!” she ejaculated. “JT am in earnest, sister. thing, for they are all pe- tered out. They have lost their vitality, or whatever you call it. What a dif ference between to-day and the last time I visited you! They are quiet as lambs now, and sol called them that. There, the last time I was here, I remember one of them got caught in an apple tree back of your sitting-room window. It was hardly a case of inani- mate suspension, but the You must see that your boys need some- THE BARREL ACT. 20 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. very reverse of it. The time before, when I was at home, one of them tumbled into a barrel, and two of his young friends came to the rescue and fished him out. To-day, their vitality seems all gone. Now you let me have those boys and I will take the best care of them while away, and bring them back to you safe and sound. Won't they pick up while gone, and won’t they learn a lot also!” GRANDPA ROGERS’ HOME IN SUMMER. “That is splendid in you, Nat, but how can I spare them? Don’t whisper a word to them.” Those enterprising boys, “quiet as lambs,” got hold of the plan in less than an hour, and five minutes after knowing it, presented themselves to their mother in their best suits, carrying an old leather trunk between WHO THEY WERE. 21 them, and in each unoccupied hand a travelling-bag, saying they wanted to bid mother good-bye before starting to find the sunrise! That settled the matter, and in a few days, it was decided that they might accompany Uncle Nat on his trip. “We must go to grandpa’s first,” said Rick. Dear old grandpa! Like a stream coming down from a mountain- top and watering many fields, is the influence of loving grandparents over the generations below them. Grandpa Rogers lived in a house approached by one of the prettiest, and most leafy walks of summer. The trees were bare now, but the home itself was lke an old oak covered with the foliage of many tender and beautiful associations. When grandpa had been visited, Uncle Nat and his nephews left New England. The trip to California was made, and a visit also to some California friends, the Peters. The Peters were sorry to have their Hastern visitors leave, and the boys’ departure was especially regretted by a colored youth on the premises, Josiah, or Siah, as he was generally called. Siah was a stout, black boy caught up by the wave of some colored exodus from the South, and carried West by it. He had no father or mother, but had left an old aunty behind who sent after him the prayers she could not personally follow. She sent also her most dearly prized earthly treasure, a little pocket Bible. Asking her minister to pick out passages appropriate to a young person, she then drew with her own hand a big pencil-mark about them. They were admonitions after this style: “My son, if sinners entice thee, consent thou not.” As Siah could not read, he did not know just what precious stones might be in these caskets, but their nature in general, he understood, that it was “something bery good fur young folks,’ and it had its influence. Certain stains, too, he knew were aunty’s tear-marks, and 22 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. this touched him. Aunty’s Bible and a certain amount of self-respect had kept Siah, amid all his migrations, from that carelessness and coarseness so incident to such a life. He was at work now on the farm of Mr. Peters, Uncle Nat’s host, and he and the Rogers boys “were excellent friends. “J wish I could go wid ye,” said Siah. “Pears to me as if I must.” There was no way opening itself to him, and to Siah’s great re- gret, he was not able to jom in this “hunt fur de sunrise,” as he called it. He followed them though as far as the door of the train that was to bear them away, and when the engine began to sneeze and grunt, he joined in the start, and grinning, raced as far as he could, beside the track. Ralph and Rick turned to look at him once more, and they caught a glimpse of his face, the smile gone, his big, mournful eyes watching the vanishing train. “There, boys, we are off at last,” said Uncle Nat, “and we shall be in Oakland in three hours. San Francisco is not far from the sea on a bay, and about half a dozen miles across the bay from San Francisco, is Oakland. We get out at the latter place and are ferried across the bay to San Francisco.” It was evening when they took the ferry-boat for San Francisco. All about them stretched the waters of the bay, one mass of black- _ ness, but before them flashed the lights of San Francisco, multi- plying as they neared the city, brightenmg and sharpening, till they seemed like the many camp-fires of an army resting on the slope of a hill. . CHAPTER Il. WESTERN FREAKS. OME one was making a sound like a locomotive whistle. “Oh-h-h-h! Isn't that steep? That’s like them.” It was Rick. Hs was look- ing at a book of pictures lymg on a table in the parlor of the San Francisco hotel where Uncle Nat was stopping. When he said, “That’s like them,” he meant pictures of cafions, a fea- + ‘ture of scenery the boys saw Ae in California. “Do you want me to tell you about the pictures? I have been all through that country.” This interrupting voice was a very pleasant one, and it sounded directly above Rick’s head. He looked up and saw a man’s face over him. “Oh —is—this your book?” asked Rick. “Qh that is all right. Now if you would like to hear about those pic- tures you get that boy over there in the corner, for I guess he is your brother, and I will tell you both about them.” 23 24 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS, The stranger meant Ralph. | “Ralph,” said Rick, approaching his brother, “a man is going to tell you and me about some pictures. It is a country that uncle said he was sorry-to skip on his way here.” “That man?” he asked. “I know him; that man’s name is Greene, for I saw him write it in the register in the office,” he whispered. LOWER CANON OF THE KANAB. (3000 feet deep.) “Yes, and this will illustrate the whole who is Uncle Nat?” subject. The stranger was very social. “T want to tell youabout the won- derful cafions we have in the far West. Did you ever see a cafion?” “We saw one on our way, sir, and Uncle Nat promised some time to tell us the reason for it,” re- marked Ralph. “ It was here in Cali- fornia among the mountains, and Uncle Nat has seen big, big ones in the Yosemite Valley.” And Uncle Nat, THE GRAND CANON, LOOKING WEST FROM TORO WEAP,. “He is here, and at of the group. The stranger turned and levelled a pair of big eyeglasses at the late arrival. “Nat Stevens!” “« Bill Greene!” “Where did you come from?” “‘ And where did you come from?” “Boys, this is Mr. Greene, with whom I used to go to school years ago.” “Didn't I say it was Greene?” whispered Ralph in a tone of tri- umph. When the two old school-mates had ex- pressed their mutual pleasure at the meet- ing, and explained to one another their courses of travel, Mr. WESTERN FREAKS. 27 your service, sir,” said some one in the rear ~ F GUNNISON’S BUTTE AT THE FOOT OF GRAY CANON, (2700 feet high.) Greene resumed his talk which had been so pleasantly inter- rupted. “TI was going to tell the boys what caused the cafions. some of which 28 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. CLIMBING THE GRAND CANON. you have seen. Hither one of you know, boys?” “A drop of water,’ promptly replied Ralph. “Pooh!” exclaimed Rick. “But, Rick, your brother is nearer right than you would think for. These rocky valleys down through which rattle the moun- tain streams, may have been af- fected by convulsions of the earth’s surface, but drops of water have certainly been at work, cutting and wearing away. “A stream sweeps from the mountains down into the plains, and as it rolls on, it cuts like a wheel into the earth. By-and- by, the groove becomes very deep. The river Colorado has hollowed out a cafion over a thousand miles of its way. “‘ Here is what we term Terrace Cajions, and you can see the deep groove back through these steps or terraces. At the foot of the first terrace or step, we see the water on whose surface drift the boats of travellers of some kind. In the Grand Caiion, Ss eS —_ AFT <=> BIRD’S-EYE VIEW OF TERRACE CANONS, o ae WESTERN FREAKS. see what magnificent amphithea- tres have been hollowed out in the rock. The traveller finds traces of volcanic action, the lava pouring into the river-bed, and the water cutting through the lava. It is no trifling thing to go through the Grand Cafion, where a fellow is boxed between these high walls of the river, and on he must go, over bad places in the way, where the water sweeps down and rushes and whirls. Then you may come to smooth water, one surface of glass stretching from shora to shore save as some long, wind- ing ripple breaks it. It looks pretty calm in the Gate of Lo- dore, does it not?” “Oh-h! oh-h!” broke out Ralph. His eyes were fixed on a deep mountain-cut, and he began to read: ‘“ Winnie’s Grotto, a side cafion, walls two thousand feet high.” Not only were the walls high, but there were profiles cut out in the outlines of the rocky walls, faces that scowled at one another over the deep, gloomy pit, ad WINNIE’S GROTTO. (2000 FEET.) 3t ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. ana the boys amused themselves by tracing their hard, stern lmeaments. “One beautiful cafion is Marble Cafion,” ‘said Mr. Greene. “At least two thousand five hundred feet high, are the lofty walls of marble. INTERPRETER AND HIS FAMILY. The shades of “marble are varied, and where the water has rubbed and smoothed them, they are charming. Marble Caiion is sixty-five and a half miles long, and starting with a height of two hundred feet, this. is increased to three thousand five hundred feet.” MARBLE CANON, WESTERN FREAKS. 35 GATE OF LODORE, “See that woman in black!” called out Ralph. “That is a place,” remarked Mr. Greene, “which is called Islana Monument, and it is one of the curiously-shaped rocks you will find. 36 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. They way “eke the form of domes, pinnacles, alcoves, sculptured cathe dral lis.” RUNNING A RAPID. “Tt would take a pretty good climber to go up some of those walls,” remarked Uncle Nat. WESTERN FREAKS. 37 “Yes if he will try, he had better borrow a pair of wings to scale certain places.” Mr. Greene went on to say, “One statement I made, I want to fill out. I spoke of the action of water.in the forming of cafions and referred to other agencies. There have plainly been the lat- ter. One day, I noticed in the Colorado, masses of lava-rock, some of them low, and yet others rose up to a height of a hundred feet and more. After a while, I came to an old dead. volcano on the right of a fall in the river. From the mouth of this volcano, immense lava-streams had been discharged into the river, and it looked as if in all, a mass twelve or fifteen hundred feet deep had been poured out. Then the water cut its way through, and you can see in some places .a line of basalt on either side. Here isa question that might be asked. In the forming of caiions, why did not the rivers run round the mountains rather than through them? Water when it meets an ISLAND MONUMENT, GLEN CANON. obstacle is apt to avoid it, but here the river flows through the mountain. One might say the water found a split in the mountains and poured 38 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. through the split, but examination shows the water has been cutting its channel. There is one theory which will stand till the next one comes along, for science, as the farmer said of his steer, is ‘an uneasy crittur.’ We will suppose the river to be running across the country, its surface not espec- ially broken, when one of those changes may have taken place of which we have evidence, a wrink- ling of the surface through ‘the contracting or shriveling of the earth” The wrinkle may be along one but not high enough to turn the river from its course, which chafes against this little elevation and rubs its way through it. What now if that process goes on, the ‘wrinkle’ rising, but no faster than the water can cut its way? At last, you have a mountain- range going across the country, and a river flowing in a deep mountain-cut or cafion. Prof. Pow- ell says: “¢The mountains were not thrust up as peaks, but a great MARBLE CANON. block was slowly lifted, and from this the mountains were carved by the clouds — patient artists, who take what time may be necessary for their work. We speak of mountains forming clouds about their tops; WESTERN FREAKS. 3 the clouds have formed the mountains. Lift a district of granite, or marble, into their region, and they gather about it, and hurl their storms against it, beating the rocks into sand, and then they carry them out into the sea, carving out cafions, gulches, and val- leys, and leaving plateaus and mountains embossed on the surface. “The action of the elements in this western country is marked. A butte is a peak or elevation too high to be a hill but too low for a mountain. We have some fine ones among or near the Colo- “BUTTES OF THE CROSS IN THE TOOM-PIN WU-NEAR TUR-WEAP. rado cafions. It is thought that the meeting of two lateral or side- cafions will account for this, and the water has thus cut out these buttes with their terraces and towers. Prof. Powell speaks of those near Labyrinth Cafion, each one ‘so regular and beautiful that you can hardly cast aside the belief that they are works of Titanic art. “¢Tt seems as if a thousand battles had been fought on the plains 40 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. below, and on every field the giant heroes had built a monument, com- pared with which the pillar on Bunker Hill is but a mile stone. But no human hand has placed a block in all those wonderful structures. The rain drops of unreckoned ages have cut them all from the solid rock.” “You saw a pretty old river, Mr. Greene,” said Ralph. “Yes, that I did.” “Did you see any Indians?” mquired Ralph. J.MINTON. INDIAN VILLAGE. “Yes, we found it quite handy to have those who could interpret. for us. “ Sometimes, journeying alcng, we found arrow-heads, or flint chips, or Indian trails, and then we might come to an Indian garden. When WESTERN FREAKS. 41 we had them in our company at our camp-fire one night, they told us a famous story though a pretty long one.” “What was it about?” asked Rick, eagerly. CAMP-FIRE AT ELFIN WATER POCKET. “The name was So-kus Wai-un-ats, told by To-mor-ro-un-ti-kai, and the first word in it was Tum-pwi-nai-ro-gwi-nump.” “Oh dear me!” thought Rick. “Guess that will do.” The others were laughing. “Oh I know Bill Greene of old!” said Uncle Nat. “He is joking.” But he was not joking. CHAPTER III. AT SAN FRANCISCO. LL his friends knew that Uncle Nat was an intelli- gent traveller—who read as he travelled. The next day after the ar- rival in San Francisco, he said to Ralph and Rick, “I have bought you some books, and I want you to read.them. They 7 will tell you about many of | the places we shall visit on your journey.” “Do you remember, uncle, about the people coming here for gold?” asked Ralph. . “Yes, that began in 1848. Gold for a long time was known to be here, but what started the STANDING ROCKS ON THE BRINK OF MU-AV CANON. great excitement was the finding of a piece of gold when they were digging for a millrace at Coloma. That was in January, 1848, and people began to gather here that year. It was in 1849, in the spring, that a big wave of emigration Swept over vur land towards California. Some went over the plains, and others by the Isthmus of Panama, and others still by the long route around Cape 42 . AT SAN FRANCISCO. Ae Horn. What the Cape Horn route may be, some poor fellows have found out to their sorrow. The vessel starting out in hope may end a wreck. The journey over the Isthmus of Panama in those days, was no agreeable thing, amid summer-heat, and the way over the plains was very tedious. How- ever, many went to the Land of Gold. “T was a boy then, and I remember how high the gold fever ran in my New England town. A lot went off in an old whaler called the Ann Parry. I remember go- ing down to the wharf to see the party off. All the place swarmed with spectators, and those on board the whaler seemed thick as bees. They had a long voyage before them, away round Cape Horn, the old way, but who cared for that? Iremember one young fellow who had been a tailor, but HOW THE VOYAGE BEGINS. he concluded to change the first let- ter of his occupa- tion, and become sailor. He started to go up the shrouds, and for a while thi 2 : tyro did very well. CAPE HORN. But he showed that 44 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. he was a bungler, for his foot slippéd. Fortunately he did not tum- ble. The people saw it, and laughed at the man who if a Jack Tar, was plainly just out of the tar-pot. Well, a great many came here to California from every quarter, and California became a famous place. A big, fine city has grown up here.” | Frequent excursions were made by Uncle Nat and his nephews from their hotel. They visited the Presidio, Seal Rock, Woodward’s Garden, Lone Mountain Cemetery, Golden Gate Park, and climbed the ao hills that wall off the city from the Pacific. “O uncle, take us to the Chinese quarter!” besought Ralph. “Chinese quarter, Ralph? All right, I will,’ and Uncle Nat took them the very day he was asked. They saw the little shops where the butcher sells his pork cut in such queer pieces, displaying also his chicken and fish, where the tea dealer peddles his choice herb, and the clothier his funny tunics or blouses. “ And—what is that?” asked Rick. “My!” “That’s a joss-house,” said Uncle Nat. “ Joss-house? What do they call it that for?” “The Portuguese for God is deos, and De imperfect pronunciavion OnLy this by the Chinese gives the word joss.” They looked inside. It was some festival-day, for many people were there. On the walls of the house were queer decorations, and near the door, was a big bell that a Chinaman struck. There were ugly images to represent the good and the evil powers, also the man cast out of heaven, and before these, sandal-wood tapers were burning. “The Chinese,” explained Uncle Nat, “believe in two powers, good and bad. The good, they reason, will be friendly any way. It is the ‘bad that will harm them, and must receive -special attention and be propitiated. Consequently they try to keep the latter quiet and well- . disposed. Knowing how powerful is the influence of a good dinner, WOODWARD’S GARDENS, CALIFORNIA. AT SAN FRANCISCO. 47 they offer food of various kinds, and this explains the dishes you will see in a joss-house. Then they have a certain course of life which they feel they must lead, that they may secure peace hereafter, provided the evil one does not inter- fere. But that they may not be expelled from the Chinese heaven hereafter, they keep in the joss-house the image of the man that was cast out of heaven, as a reminder.” After the visit to the joss- house, Uncle Nat stepped into a store to make a purchase, leaving Rick and Ralph on the sidewalk. With their custom- ary impulsiveness, they decided it could do no harm to go ahead a little way, and having inspected the neighborhood they could then return to Uncle Nat. “What's that?” asked Ralph, as they turned a corner. In the street was a young Chi- naman in a blue tunic and baggy blue trousers. He was carrying a basket that must have contained a heavy article, for he often shifted the basket from hand to hand as if it hurt THE MINUTE MAN- 48 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISK LANDS. him. He passed a group of street urchins, who evidently began at once to plot mischief. Soon a boy ran up to him, and giving his tunic or blouse an energetic pull, rushed to the other side of the street. When the young man turned to face his aggressor, a second boy from an opposite quarter rushed up unnoticed and gave a second fierce pull. Like a vane shifting about on a very squally day, and obeying the new current that impels it, the Chinaman turned ‘to notice this new invasion. But then a third side of the first assailant came up on the attack, pulling and jostling —a fourth arrived and a fifth even —the young man struggling in their midst like a hen with a parcel of hawks. He did not dare put down his basket even for a moment, aware that the harpies would have immediately clutched it, and his reten- tion of his property made. resistance all the more diffi- THE GOOD WOMAN, cult. Ralph and Rick were ? boys living in a town that had a statue of the “ Minute man” of revolution- ary daysready at a moment’s notice to fly to arms and resist Britain’s overshadowing power, and they were not going to see the weaker side in a fight—be it Chinaman or freedman— crowded under foot. “Come on, Rick!” shouted Ralph. Rick generally went off at a bound any way, but if he saw Ralph ahead, he would spring all the quicker. And away he went after HOW THE VOYAGE MAY END. 49 AT SAN FRANCISCO. 5r Ralph, rushing and shouting. Ralph grabbed a boy who had seized the basket, and repeating an old trick which he had practised on almost every one at home till they were about crazy, he neatly inserted his foot between the boy’s legs and tripped him up. There was now a fresh uproar. Round a street corner came a reinforcement of three street Arabs longing for an opportunity to stretch their idle muscles. Matters threatened to be come very seri- ous for Ralph and Rick. A Gi Suddenly, Un- cle Nat appeared. His big, brawny form rose above the assailants threateningly, as a broom - over a cloud of mosquitoes. “Away with ye,’ he shouted, seizing a couple of boys by the collar at once. Was it a giant-torpedo ex- ploding in their midst? It certainly had the effect of one. The hornet swarm broke up immediately, leaving the young Chinaman alone with his defenders. “Look here, boys!” said Uncle Nat to his enterprising nephews. “ Don’t stray off so. Just wait for me and then when we see any of the enemy about, we will charge on them all together and rout them gloriously. g There goes Joe Pigtail!” JOE. “Is that his name?” asked Rick, looking wonderingly at the boy. “No, Rick, but that will identify him to us. What grateful bows he gave us! Let’s follow him.” 52 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. When the newly named Joe Pigtail saw that they were following him, he stopped and waited for them. “We wanted to look about Chinatown,” said Uncle Nat to Joe. “ Chinee-town ? Goodee. Me showee,” and he kindly led them to quarters they had not seen and to other queer shops, finally stopping: before a house that had a laundry look. “ Me— me!” he said, intimating that he stopped there, and beckon- ing them in. In the outer room. there were three men busy with laundry-work, and through an open door a fourth could be seen occupied with some kind of cooking in his shadowy cubby-hole. In the outer room, every- - thing was very plain, and though there was an abundance of chances to stand up, there was none to sit down unless one literally took the floor. A side door into a yard had been swung back and looking across this yard the boys could see into the next house where a middle-aged American lady was seated beside a Chinese boy teaching him out of a book. | “She goodee woman —like you!” said Joe to Uncle Nat in compli- mentary tones. “Uncle Nat ain’t a woman,” whispered Rick to Ralph. When they left the place, turning to look back, they saw Joe stand- ing by a laundry table and gazing thoughtfully upon the retreating party, CHAPTER IV. AT SEA. HE City of Tokio, a vessel belonging to the Pacific Mail Steamship Co., was lying at her wharf. Men were hurrying about, giving or obeying orders. The last trunks Se aE were going on SUNSET AT GOLDEN GATE AND FORT POINT. : board. People were saying good-bye, while the fizz of escaping steam that could be heard, plainly said, that the leviathan was impatient to be off. Every- thing was ready at last. Every fastening was released and one Sat- urday in early spring the steamship gracefully, majestically moved away. © Hurrah!” shouted Rick enthusiastically, as he stood among the passengers watching every movement. “ Hurrah!” shouted Ralph. “ Hurrah!” responded Uncle Nat and the other passengers, while ¢ group of enthusiastic boys on shore joined in three ringing cheers. 53 54 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISK LANDS. In a few moments the pilgrims for the Sunrise were moving rapidly down the bay. “There are some sailing craft ahead, boys. They look slow, don’t they, boys, old-fashioned and behimd the times, beside this craft. This is the nineteenth century,’ observed Uncle Nat. Just then the City of Tokio blew her whistle and she seemed to shriek, “ Yes, ’'m the nimeteenth century and I'll beat and cross the Pacific, see if I don’t.” She said this in one long breath, gasped and said no more. “There is the Golden Gate!” exclaimed Uncle Nat. “What a pretty sight!” Between two ridges of land stretched the waters of the Golden Gate, and outside was the broad and shining sea. “This is the entrance to the bay of San Francisco, boys; and there is the Pacific we must cross. Can’t you say the lines you repeated at the hotel the other night?” Ralph was proud of his accurate memory, and he recited the lines he had recently seen among Bret Harte’s poems: “Serene, indifferent of Fate Thou sittest at the Western Gate. Upon thy heights so lately won, Still’ slant the banners of the sun, Thou seest the white seas strike their tents, O warder of two continents? And scornful of the peace that flies Thy angry winds and sullen skies, Thou drawest all things small or great, To thee, beside the Western Gate.” The boys were so much interested in their new surroundings that THE CITY OF TOKIO. 55 AT SEA. 57 they were sorry to see the sun sinking toward the western rim of the sea. “T would like,” said Ralph, “to have that sun catch on some peg in the clouds, and hold on awhile. Ok, Uncle Nat, didn’t you once say you: saw the sun keep up above the sea and not go down at night ?” “ Yes, and it was so “AGALILVI NUYFHLUON HOIH NI strange to have the watch say eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelveo’clock at night, and stil see the sun shining, shining in the w 58 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. itude to accomplish the feat. In any Arctic country, it must be strange to a person from the Southern land to see the sun day after day wheel round the heavens. In Greenland, the sun is always above the horizon in June and July, and then there are days where his absence is only long enough to give him a little dip below the horizon and up he comes again. While it is summer in Greenland, and that season exceeds four months only in few places, vegetation makes great advances.” When night came, they were out upon the bosom. of the Pacific. The big steamer steadily made its way over the lonely, darkening waters. The stars brought forward their tapers one by one and lighted up the windows of the sky. The wind came in chilly breaths. The dull, heavy swash of the waters about the vessel could be heard. Our three pilgrims were fairly afloat, gomg west as Uncle Nat said, to find the east; moving toward the sunset to search out the sunrise lands. The boys saw the moon rise above the water. “Uncle Nat,” asked Rick, “why are there so many moons, a family of moons with different faces, and not one thing looking the same all the time?” “Come into my state-room.” In the state-room, Uncle Nat took a book out of his trunk and showed the boys a picture of the sun, the earth, and also the moon at different points in its journey about the earth. “There in that outside circle is the moon as it appears to the sun, now showing a bright surface. But in the inner circle is the moon at different points as it appears to the earth. Take when the moon is between the earth and the sun, and we have the moon’s dark side turned toward us, or we get no moon at all. But a little farther along, we catch a bit of the moon’s bright side like a crescent, and fayr- ther along —” ) ~ “Oh, I see!” choad Rick. “It is easy enough now, after you AT SEA. | 89 know. And when the moon is round on the side opposite where you started, we get the whole of the bright side, cr it is fullmoon. Goodie, goodie!” “You have got it now, Rick,” said Uncle Nat, smiling at his nephew’s enthu- slasm. “Ralph, do you understand ?” Ralph nodded his head but looked glum ; “T —I—don’t feel right — here,”’ and he laid his hand on his OF THE stomach. “ Ah, 2¢ is com- ing on, I see. Well, I will put you right to bed, and fix you all nice.” The mysteri- ous “it” soon made Rick put his hand to his stomach. and Uncle Nat had his hands GHAPTER V. DISCOVERIES. EOPLE on board a _ steamer easily be- come acquainted, and Ralph and Rick were disposed to know everybody. Recover- ing from their “ touch of seasickness,” as Un- cle Nat termed it (“a touch heavy enough to knock a feller over,” Rick thought) they were continually mak- ing exploring expeditions. They would take a peep at the engineer, then look at the furnaces, then at the cook’s quarters, finally mounting to the saloon. After a while, back they would go, nodding once more at the engineer, and then fetching up near the furnaces. The third afternoon out, Ralph had circumnavigated the steamer several times, and finally stopped 40 watch the furnaces. Only one person seemed to be at work there, and he was shoveling up the big lumps of coal preparatory to a feeding of the red, angry furnace-mouths. The shoveling ceased, and now from a dusty corner, Ralph heard a series of noises, a rat squealing, a cat mewing as if hungry for the rat, and then a dog growling as if hungry for cat and rat both. At the same time, what did he see? A lump of coal that had flashing 60 DISCOVERIES. 61 eyes, open mouth and white teeth? There were several appearances and disappearances of this kind, and Ralph thought that it went ahead of any “magic exhibition” that the Rogers brothers had ever given in the old barn at Concord. “It is gone!” said Ralph. “No, there it is!” Agam, he saw the face, and heard a lion roaring as if in full pursuit of dog, cat and rat. Ralph had seen and heard enough in this magic-haunted spot and turned to leave it, when a familiar and pleasant voice said, “Chile, don’t you know me?” “Siah!” exclaimed Ralph. “It’s Siah! It’s Siah!” he shouted. It was indeed the rollicking, laughing Siah who came out of the shadows in the corner, at the same time that he took down his coal-shovel screening his face. He came forward with a funny air of self-importance as if he were the ruler of Soudan showing himself to his subjects. “Don’t you see it is your ole frien’, Siah?” “Yes, but how did you get here?” asked Ralph. “Well, I couldn’t get here without doin’ some walkin’, sartin sure. So much to begin wid. You see after you left it was awful lonesome roun’ de place, an’ I jes’ axed Massa Peters ef he couldn’ spare me.. An’ he said, he hated to hab me fur to go, but ef I couldn’ be contented, I might go. So I trabeled on—” “Not all the way on foot?” Yes, the ardent Siah had footed it to San Francisco. “J felt like takin’ a-sea-viyage wid my frien’s, I tole de boss —dat’s Massa Peters—an’ trab’lin’ here, J foun’ out de steamer dat was gwine, an’ I knew from what you said which one it was, an’ I jes’ hired out as one ob de han’s. You know I want fur to see de worl’, an’ ef I do I must begin early. Den it gibs me a chance to see you and your libely bruder.” And so Siah was following his friends to Japan. What he would do when arriving there, he had not considered. 62 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. “Dat question,” he told Ralph, “am too many days off. I might be dead “fore den, an’ de question not hab any importance. So I won't raise de question till I get dar.” “It’s Siah! Siah! It’s Si—ah, Rick!” shouted Ralph. A hurried sound of feet was heard in a moment, and two men came rushing up. “‘ Where, where?” they asked. “Where is what?” said Ralph. “Fi—re? Quick!” “ Oh it’s Si—ah, I said.” “Nonsense! The next time you holler, take your dinner out of your mouth,’ and the men retreated in disgust. “Et he had some dinner in his mouth, he’d be more pleasant. Guess he’s hungry,” said Siah. Rick now appeared, and together he and Ralph ea over their treasure found once more. “Uncle Nat,” said Ralph, “Siah told me a lot about the fire- room and the fires there, and it was real interesting.” “Did he tell you anything so interesting as the kindling of fires when you have nothing to light them with?” “Nothing to light them with, Uncle!” exclaimed Rick. “That is not very likely.” “The savages do it though. Capt. Cook found a drilling process common among the Australians, where they took a stick of dry, soft wood, and setting it on another piece, twirled it between their hands, the friction producing fire in less than two minutes. The Sandwich Island method is the same in principle, and also that among the Gauchos of Buenos Ayres, though the last place one end of the rubbing-stick against the breast as a carpenter would his bit. The Esquimaux, an old navigator said, pointed his stick ate Hit, Swiss pump-drill, Method in use among the Gauchos of Buenos Ayres, Sandwich Island Method. Blunt stick run back and forth in groove. FUNNY WAYS OF MAKING A FIRE, 63 DISCOVERIES. 65 ' with stone, and twirled by means of a strip of leather, in this way boring into stone even. In Switzerland, an apparatus has been used called the ‘Pump-drill,’ the hand bringing a cross-piece down that unwinds a cord and sends the spindle round. When the hand is lifted, the cord is rewound and so on. The Troquois used a sina- ilar instrument.” When Siah was told of this, he said, “Smart folks in dis world, honey.” It was Rick’s turn to make a discovery the next day. He had strayed among the Chinese passengers on board, and some of these were moving a quantity of heavy freight in that part of the Steamer.- “A —hoo—hoo!” shouted a celestial to Rick who was wn pleasantly near a rolling barrel. Rick did not hear. His mouth open, a smile sweeping over his face and wrinkling it, he stood watching one of the Chinese who was ticklmg the ear of a sleeping country-man with a chip. The barrel was quite near the unconscious Rick when a Chinaman rushed forward and seizing him drew him aside. Then Rick’s friend stood grinning and bowing as if an old acquaintance. “Why, Joe Pigtail!” said Rick. “You here?” “Me — ee here,” answered Joe. “You go—ee over to my ‘coun — tree?” No; dam going to Japan.” . “Me see you.” “Yes, I hope so, and I will tell my brother and ‘Uncle Nat.” Siah and Joe Pigtail on board! How the attractions of steamship- life were multiplying! Now if they could make the acquaintance of a sailor and get him to ‘spin some yarns,” happiness for the Rogers brethers would be complete. But-where could they find “him?” They 66 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. investigated the merits of several candidates. One though was pro- nounced “dirty.” A second had a “squeaky voice,’ an infirmity not generally favorable to yarn-tellng. “Crosser than pison,” was the comment on a third. The fifth day out, Rick said mysteriously to Ralph, “JT have found him; Come!” Rick led Ralph away and pointed out a grizzled via tar who was coiling up a rope, his back tured to the boys. “ Ain’t he chuncky?” whispered Rick. ? Suddenly, the “chuncky” sailor tuned. He had a big head, or as Ralph told Rick, “He spread a good deal of sail in his face.” The lower part of his face was fringed with a gray beard, and he carried at the neck a black kerchief, with immense ends. Under the heavy eye- brows of gray, there were two kindly lights that twinkled. “Blue lights,” Ralph called them, “like those that a feller in trouble on the water at night would be glad to see. Something like a lighthouse.” “ Hullo, boson!” the sailor sang out to Rick. “ You here again?” This title, “boson,” tickled Rick. ' “Ves, sir; and here’s my brother Ralph.” Ralph held out his hand; “‘ How do you do, Mr. ” he hesitated, not knowing what to call this big lump of salt pork. “ Bobstay! Jack Bobstay, that’s my name for young folks, and Jack is glad to see you.” “ And what is it for old folks?” asked Rick. : “ Ah, no matter about them. In this case they are not to be taken into account. What my name may be, don’t make the difference of a button on a mermaid’s best go-to-meeting gown. Jack Bobstay at your service!” Here the old sailor made a low bow. Ralph and Rick were delighted with Jack Bobstay, and they eagerly introduced him to Uncle Nat, Siah and Joe Pigtail. The Rogers brothers felt that their circle of acquaintance was widening. CHAPTER VI. LIGHTHOUSES. Bue said Uncle Nat, after supper one evening, “if you will come into my state-room at once, I will show you some pict- ures of lighthouses, and tell you all I know upon the subject.” The invitation was accepted eagerly, and there were two pair of bright, searching eyes turned toward the pictures. that Uncle Nat pointed out. ‘Tn the first place, where rocks or shoal water may be, we have beacons or buoys if they will an- swer. We make beacons of stone and then again of wood or iron. A BELL BOAT. A very common kind of bouy is simply a spar anchored at one end, and that we calla spar-buoy. Buoys may be of iron, and-in that case are made hollow and will float. I know of dangerous rocks off Boston Harbor called the Graves, and a horn-buoy has been put there. The sea, when uneasy and moving, forces the air into this horn, and what a solemn groan it has! Then a bell-boat may be used, and the motion of the waves will keep the bell dismally sound- 67 68 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. ing. We must have something in such places, for the risks are great and a wreck is an ugly sight for the sailor. FIRST CLASS LIGHTSHIP WITH STEAM FOG WHISILE. ‘Sometimes a lightship is used as in this picture. Such a vessel must be strongly built, one too that will swing easily at anchor, and be in readiness to meet any emergencies arising from her perilous position. You can see the chain-cable that moors this one, and she has a steam fog-whistle with which she keeps piping away in the mist. The light ‘she shows at night is carried at the mast-head. You notice the uneasy throw of the waters around her, showing that shoal sea is close at hand. Off in the distance is a steamer, and a sailor with a spy glass is trying to make her out. Now we come to the lighthouse, and this picture is one on Mt. Desert. It is of the ordinary kind, a tower built on a MT. DESERT LIGHTHOUSE, 69 fre Rees f ees ae a ads 2 Bie irae feats = LIGHTHOUSES. a1 good strong foundation, and it is doing excellent service with its warning beams. Near by, tossing in the angry “waters, is a fragment of a mast, and the moonlight shows a vessel away off, that looks as if in a ticklish position. A structure like this is common, but here is one that is simply a house on a solid base of stone-work, and in the cupola of the house is the lantern. It is a Long Island Sound light. Rather a lonesome home that would be for you, boys. FOURTH ORDER LIGHTHOUSE, AT PENFIELD L. 1. SOUND. « The vehicle halted, and the man and his female-assistant stared at the passing, rattling train. “There, don’t you suppose they envy us, derice ae “Yes, captain, and perhaps they hate the foreign mnovation. When the telegraph wires were put up, the farmers were so hostile that when one was stretched over their fields, they said the evil spirits would not favor their crops, and they — not the evil spirits but the farmers, though the latter acted like them — cut the wire and then tried to smash the glass insulators of the poles! It was a mystery to them how a message could go over the wire, and they would watch curiously a long while to see the news travel! When this railroad was opened less than ten years ago, I was present. They had a big time, and the big officials including the mikado, or emperor, were present. One very marked thing was the presenting of an address to the emperor by a deputation of four merchants. That was a great thing in Japan, when the mer- chant-caste, which does not stand high, thus approached and saw the mikado, a being once bottled up and kept in the dark, so to speak, like phosphorus.” é « What is that man doing?” asked Ralph calling the doctor’s atten- tion to a person who seemed to be stopping at the side of a road they passed. The stranger was intent on work he held in his lap. “ That must be an artist,” answered the doctor, “and he seems to - be sketching something. The Japanese, you know, are very fond of drawing and painting. Some of their sketches are ugly and grotesque, but very original certainly. And they show genius of a certain kind. Here is a horse,” and the doctor showed a picture he had with him. “This horse certainly is full of fire and yet the artist executing it did it in seven strokes, adding a few brush-sweeps for tail and mane. The Japanese have peculiar skill in outline drawing. They will dash vff the form of a bird, and the whole thing is very spirited.” CHAPTER XI. SIGHT-SEEING IN TOKIYO. a the capital of Japan, interested the boys very much, and in the company of g Uncle Nat and the doctor, they started out to see what they could find. “What is this street?” asked the inquisitive Rick. “This is the Tori, a prominent street in the capital. You see how many people are here. All sorts of craft sail into these quarters,” answered the doctor. Rick was interested in the conveyances there. There were THE SEVEN-STROKED HORSE. (See page 117.) the man-carts for mer- chandise, the jinrikishas for passengers, and there was the kago, a vehicle that offered foot-sore pedestrians a ride if they would get into a ccvered basket suspended from a pole borne’on men’: shoul- ders, but this last vehicle is one seldom seen in Tokiyo. There was a great, busy throng in the street, and side by side walked Old Japan 118 SIGHTSEEING IN TOKTYO. 11g and New Japan. There were those still clinging to the Japanese dress, and some that wore the coat and pants fashionable beyond the seas. There were police who like American police wore uniforms. A horse and carriage went past the boys. And the shops, who could count them? ‘Their style was peculiar, their roofs being heavily cov- ered with black tiles. Where these tiles were jointed, they showed nar- row white strips of mortar. ia “O see, Uncle Nat,” cried Rick. “See that man selling goo:s.” It was a Japanese not actually selling to a purchaser, but w citing for one. He sat on a floor that had been covered with matting, and on either side were piles of his goods offered for every one’s inspection, the front of the store having been entirely removed. “Tf you would like,” said the doctor, “we will look at some of the streets about here. You will find special lines of goods in those we visit, and the array is interesting. Let us go to the Dyers’ street.” Here were dyed goods, and one readily detected the odor of the vats for the immersing of articles to be colored. In another street there was nothing but bureaus and cabinets. “See,” said Ralph, “there’s a man sawing and he pulls the sav toward him rather than pushes it from him as we do.” “The teeth are not set the same way as ours but the reverse,” replied the doctor. In a third street, they found goods that had come across the seas. “The old beer bottles!” exclaimed Rick who was a total abstinence boy. “Must these things come over too?” They went into Bamboo street where the shop-keepers sold bamboo poles. One street the boys called pretty, as folding screens were there, and upon these, pictures had been sketched and poetry written. “We have plenty of streets in Tokiyo,”’ said the doctor. “Some are named after the occupations of the people in them, such as i20 ALE ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. Blacksmith and Cooper. There are those named after trees or flowers like Cedar and Chrysanthemum. Plum. Orchard street may be found, also Wheat and Indigo streets. There are those pore fanciful names like ‘ Abounding Gladness.’ ” They had been looking at the signs displayed by different stores. A goldbeater announced his presence by huge spectacles, substituting gold for glass. The kite-maker was advertised by a cuttle-fish, and a trader in cut flowers showed the sign of a little willow tree. Every spiked white ball—and these would average eighteen inches in diameter — threw the boys into a pleasureable excitement, for the white ball meant a candy shop. Still strolling about, Ralph suddenly exclaimed, “There is water, doctor!” “ Yes, that is a canal, very handy in carrying goods Anan ‘and we jave many canals in Tokiyo.” “Couldn’t we have a boat-ride, Uncle Nat?” “Oh yes, I would like to have a ride myself. Here, here. Take us round, won't you?” said Uncle Nat, calling to a boatman who brought his craft to the bank at once. “Don’t you see, boys, how he understood me.’ Hither I talk good Japanese, or he knows good English. Step aboard! ” The craft was one that carried what the boys called “a cunning cabin,” a little house in the centre, and through its windows. they could look and see what was passing, as the boatman. polled it along. There were the skiffs of fruit sellers, and boats loaded with merchandise, or fishermen sculled along their crafts while boys on the banks took their first lesson in the piscatory art, and into the canal dropped their lines “for a bite.” “We go at a pretty good rate, don’t we, Rick? Almost as fast as you did, last summer, when you tried to make that boat go,” said Ralph. NIHON BASHI. T2I > re 4 ) n SIGHT-SEEING IN TOKIYO. 123 «What was that, Rick?” inquired Uncle Nat. Rick was blushing. He did not recall that exploit with satisfaction, for it was one day when deeply in love with a very young lady at a summer resort, he attempted to give her a boat-ride on an adjacent pond, and in his excitement had forgotten to untie the rope! Ralph very kindly spared the champion oarsman any further morti- fication, and the subject was dropped. Another day, they went to the famous Nihon Bashi, a bridge, and from it looked off upon the tiled roofs of the city and upon the snowy cone of Fugisan. Before them, too, were the towers of the famous cas- tle of Tokiyo. This castle was also visited. They saw its walls of stone, the deep, wide moats without, extending eleven miles in THE CHAMPION OARSMAN. all. That day, one other noteworthy place was reached, a. palace belonging to the emperor. Beau- tiful grounds measuring a hundred acres adjoined this palace. “This is a big place,” observed Uncle Nat “ this city of Tokiyo.” “Yes, captain, and so the old emperor Iyeyasu was right when he believed the city would be something, and in making bounds for Tokiyo, he went far beyond the settled quarters and set up towers and gates without any connecting walls, believing that’ some day they would be erected. People laughed at his work, but he was 124 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. right. We have seen to-day some-of the better parts of the city. This will do for to-day, I guess.” “No,” thought Rick, “it won't do. I have not ridden in a ‘Jim Ricker’s Shay’ yet. I will, if Uncle Nat lets me, this very day.” That afternoon, while Uncle Nat and the doc- tor were away, Rick and Ralph were in their room at the hotel. “T wonder what time it is, Ralph.” | “T don’t know, Rick, for we have no clock.” “‘ Oh dear,” sighed the younger brother in his heart. “I wish a clock was as handy here as at grandpa’s.” That clock at grand- pa’s, how Rick when younger would watch it! But he was thousands of miles away from GRANDPA’S CLOCK. . grandpa’s -and nothing like a clock was in the room. He went down to the hotel office to learn the hour. Passing the outer door, he looked through and saw a jinvikisha waiting by the sidewalk. Its runners wore big bow]-like hats, and were dressed in blue shirts and blue tights. A thought came SIGHTSEEING IN TOKIYO. 125 to him ; why not take this jinrikisha and go down to that store where Uncle Nat and the doctor said they were going? “The shopkeeper’s name is Inu and I can write it, I guess,” con- cluded Rick. Uncle Nat, however, had not said that the man’s name was Inu. Rick had asked for it, and Uncle Nat answered, “I knew, but” — That moment he was called out of the room. Rick caught the “J knew,” he did not hear the “but.” “ Ah,” thought Rick, “it is Inu, which is a Japanese word.” It happens that the word means “ dog.” : Uncle Nat had told the boys to pick up all the knowledge they could, and they had been practicing on a few Japanese words and Rick could write “Inu.” He put “Inu” on a slip of paper, pointed in the supposed direction of the shop, and as he handed the slip to the bearers, with a lordly air mounted the jinrikisha. The men took the paper, read it and threw it away. Then they turned to Rick, smiled affectionately, and trotted off with their princely burden. One runner would have been enough, but Rick meant to go im a style as ostentatious as possible. “How intelligent the Japanese are,” said Rick, “and, what a good knowledge I have of the language. I shouldn’t wonder if I could find my way all over J apan myself without Uncle Nat and the doctor. Nice, knowing people, these Japanese.” The men had said to, one another, “Inu! It means that he has lost a dog and wants us to find it. We will do what we can.” Away they went. He soon noticed that they stopped and made inquiries, a fact which he could not understand, for he supposed that every one knew where “Mr. Inu” kept. The men wheeled into various streets, occasionally halting and apparently asking questions. 126 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. “Look here!”’ Rick shouted. “ Why don’t you go to Mr. Inv’s?” The men smiled blandly and nodding went on. Once they stopped and patting a dog, made signs to Rick. He was in disgust. “Lazy fellers!” he bawled. “Don’t stop to fool with that dog. You don’t half earn your money. Don’t you know Mr. Inw’s place?” “Tt is not his dog and. we must hunt farther,” they said and till smiling they trundled forward their small load of a volcano. Rick was now furious. . “Tt is [-nu,I-nu! Must I spell it, [-n-—u! Don’t you under- stand, boobies ?” On they went, stoppimg now and then to speak to people. Rick thought to himself, “How hateful these men do look!” The day ‘was quite warm for spring, and these intelligent Japanese had laid aside their hats, and their half-bald heads went bobbing up and down like gooseberries rolling over pebbles. Rick thought of Charley Ross, the Philadelphia boy, and conjectured that these men must have been poor Charley’s kidnappers, and what if they should kid- nap him too! “Stop!’ he yelled. The men now were not so smiling, for they were tired of the game. They again stopped, and, began to jabber away at Rick like parrots. He in his turn was thoroughly vexed, and was spitting out his anger at them. He began to doubt whether it would be so easy to get through Japan if all the people were such boors as these, and how he longed for Uncle Nat. A crowd had now collected, and things looked squally. In the mean time, Uncle Nat and the doctor had returned to the hotel and there were inquiries at once made for the missing Rick. A servant reported that Rick had been seen in a jinrikisha moving: off from the hotel-door. SIGHT-SEEING IN TOKIYO. i 127 “Moving off?” repeated Uncle Nat. “TI guess it is time for me to move off also, and hunt up that young traveller.” The doctor offered to accompany him. ‘They hunted and hunted but in vain. At. last, they saw in the street a crowd, and in the midst of this, was the lost Rick, screaming away at his runners, they heartily screaming back. “Ship ahoy!” shouted Uncle Nat making his way through the crowd. Glad enough was Rick to bring his independent travels in Japan to an end and return to the hotel with Uncle Nat. He tried to tell his uncle how it had happened, but Uncle Nat was greatly puzzled to understand the course of his remarks. “Took here, young man,” said Uncle Nat, “the next time you want to make a trip, you had better know just where you are gomg, how you are going, and if you don’t get there, whether you can get back.” Rick thought so too. The next day they all went to a noted spot in Tokiyo, Asakusa. “Why it looks like Boston Common on the Fourth of July,” said _ Ralph. They had reached rows of booths making a showy display of goods. There were shops too for the sale of toys, of ladies’ hair pins, and smokers’ comforts. Then came booths where one could buy little idols or amulet bags or incense burners. This showed they were nearing the more sacred part of Asakusa. When they reached the temple, they found a motley collection of idols, some of the figures being hideous. There were gardens too in which grew the azalea, camellia, lotus and chrysanthemum. Everywhere were people. Some were trading at the tobacco booths, or drinking out of little cups at the, tea-booths. There were men saying their prayers . before the temple-shrines, and robed priests were bowing in their services. It was a queer mixture to the boys, “a great gala day,” as Ralph said, “and some praying thrown in.” 128 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. a At E ll A “Oh, see thas,” exclaimed Rick, 1 ei KAMLMAADD Before Binzuru, a /medicine-deity, was a girl who rubbed a leg of the god and then her own. «That means,”’ said the doctor, “ that she has hurt her leg, and is transferring vir- tue from the god to her limb. For gen- erations they have rubbed the poor god so much that his face is decidedly worn. PAGAN TEMPLE IN JAPAN. ~ Nose and ears, you ~see, have all gone.” The travellers that day saw also Shiba, a collection of tem- ples and tombs. In * Shiba sleep some of the old Japanese sho- | Lie gunsor military rulers: <= | eee || ea HK iN TS eee ne ee of the dead: i ‘Cl = ( “thy bell a famous resting-place : That night the doctor showed the ie % Pichune of the god of Longevity A SINTOO GOD—THE GOD OF LONGEVITY. 129 SIGHTSEEING IN TOKIYO. 131 “You see he is riding contentedly on a stork, and the stork is very calmly sailing above a flood.” “T should think, doctor,” said Ralph, “he would scare the life out of a man, rather than put life mto him.” JAPANESE SHOPS. CeHeAG PE aban Xe Tole, RICK’S FANS. ON’T you think, doctor, that the Japanese people are funny, to have so many fans?” asked Rick, running in from the street. “Tt might seem so, but then” — here the doctor looked at the little fellow who was trying to carry a quantity of fans in his hand— “but then somebody else seems to like fans also. Where did you get so many?” “Oh, I picked ’em up in the street. Some I bought, you know, for they are so cheap. I am going to give them away to my friends.” - Here Rick arranged them in order, as shown in the illustration. “There, that first one, a sort of half-round one, is for Aunt Mary; “the next, that opens and shuts, is for mother; the round one is for Nurse Fennel, and those three others are for my three cousins— Aunt Mary’s girls. The one with the long handle is Uncle Thomas’, because —bhecause he has short arms, but a long neck, and has some way to reach up. The little one at the bottom is for a baby in the next house.” “But, Rick, you have not disposed of all the fans.” Lay RICK'S FANS. 133 Rick blushed. He had kept one for Amy Clarendon, if he ever met that beloved object. “ Why, doctor,” said Rick, anxious to change. the subject, “I saw a man giving a piece of money to a beggar, and he put it on a fan.” “And I heard of a poor fellow of pretty high rank who was sentenced to death, and his fate announced to him by presenting him with a fan. There are all sorts of fans, as you will find out. The other day, I was pretty warm, and a gen- tleman, at whose house te called, handed me a fan that you could dip in water. Its material was waterproof, and the water on the fan as it evaporated would cool ‘the breeze it wafted upon you. You will find all kinds of pictures on fans, ‘SNVA SHOU and various inscriptions, also. Some are very pretty and ingenious. A great man may stick his autograph on .a fan. Here in Tokiyo, they make some elegant fans.” “Don’t you think Japanese artists are queer? I mean, they have an odd way of painting.” “Tt seems to us so, Rick. They have an appre- ciative sense of what is funny; and then, they rather enjoy the horrible. It is worth while to notice some things on fans, for they are emblem- atic. You are apt to see on fans the bamboo and sparrow, or the willow and swallow, and these are sions of domestic 134 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. happiness. As for the matter of emblems, it is worth while to no- tice those on all kinds of articles. Sometimes, certainly, they are very significant and appropriate. For instance: When a little gown is given to a baby, you will be likely to see on it the pine-tree and stork. These mean long life. “The stork is a favorite bird in Japan; and when it comes to art they love to reproduce the bird, with his long legs and long bill.” It was Ralph’s tum the next day to bring in something curious, and his article was a dwarf tree, given to Uncle Nat by a friend. It was growing in a small pot, and YOUNG AMERICA BEHIND A JAPANESE FENCE. for a pigmy, it looked very vig- - orous. “That is a pine tree, Ralph.” “A pine?” “Yes; the Japanese are won- derful gardeners, and while we at home like to see how big a flower -we can get, they delight most in seeing how little a thing they can produce. They like to raise pines only a few inches high. And then, they like to bring their growing things into all kinds of RICK'S FANS. 138 shapes. You may see a vegetable cat staring at you out of the evergreen you notice; or, it may be a European wearing a hat, and wrought out of the same material. You may see hens, or a rooster, or a Japanese junk under full sail. They trim, also, the larch in this way. One flower, that is a kind of national blossom, is the chrysanthemum. It is adopted as the Emperor’s crest, and it appears about government offices. Flowers are exceedingly popular, and in every house they try to have flowers on New Year’s day. When the plum blossoms in February or early March, the cherry in April, the lotus in July, the chrysanthemum in autumn, and the camellia in winter, there are multitudes of admirers ready to appreciate these beauties. With certain kinds of blooms are sure to come excur- sions of the Japanese, to rejoice over them.” Uncle Nat heard the conversation between the doctor and his nephew, and pulling out his pocket-book, he said: “ Perhaps, doctor, you will be so kind as to tell me the meaning of these pictures, which I found on some bank-bills.” The doctor took up the bills and remarked: “The J apanese are very proud of their history and love to preserve it in their sketches. Here is a bank-bill modeled after our American bank-bills, and this picture has an interesting story connected with it. Over five hundred years ago Go Daigo was emperor. There was an opposition to him, and falling before it he was sentenced to banishment. On his way to exile, a young nobleman, Kojima Takanori, tried to rescue his sov- ereion; but, mistaking the road, he and his followers were too late to accomplish their purpose. His followers would not go farther with him, but he determined to proceed alone. For several days he tried to reach the sovereign’s side, and say in private sczse word of hope ; but the emperor was so closely guarded, there was no chance to bring this about. Kojima then thought of this stratagem. Stealing into 136 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. the garden connected with the quarters where the emperor’s jail- ers were passing the night, Kojima found a cherry tree. Scraping off its bark he wrote on the white sur- ‘face inside two lines, which, trans- lated, mean: Oh Heaven, destroy not Kosen While Hanrei still lives! “The emperor’s guard the next morning saw the scraped tree and the characters there, and wondered what had happened; but it was a fortunate thing for the emperor that they could not read the lines. They showed them to him, and he saw the meaning at once. The OUR JAPANESE LUXURIES ON A HOT AUGUST DAY, reference was to Kosen, a Chinese king, who, cast down from his throne, was elevated again by a faithful vassal, Hanrei. The signifi- cance of it was at once appreci- ated, and Go Daigo was secretly comforted. He-knew that he could not be friendless; and Kojima kept his word, ‘afterwards bravely fight- ing for him. Here is another bank-bill, having a picture of a famous archer, whose bow the efforts of four men could not bend. ‘The RICK'S FANS. a old Japanese archers were pretty good at their work, doubtless; but I like a gun, Ralph. What does a bow amount to before a gun?” “ Bow before gun? Why, it amounts to bow-gun, doctor.” At the doctor’s request Ralph repeated these lines, inscribed on a fan, written by Pan Tsieh Yu, a lady of the Court, presented to the Emperor Cheng-ti, of the Han Dynasty (Chinese) B. c. 18. They have been translated by Dr. Martin: Of fresh new silk, all snowy-white, And round as harvest moon, A pledge of purity and love, A small but welcome boon. While summer lasts, borne in the hand Or folded on the breast, Twill gently soothe thy burning brow, And charm thee to thy rest. But al! when autumn frosts descend, And autumn winds blow cold, No longer sought, no longer loved, "Twill lie in dust and mold. This silken fan, then, deign accept, Sad emblem of my lot — Caressed and cherished for an hour, Then speedily forgot. CHAPTER XIII. ABOUT JAPANESE RULERS. OR one day, at least, the subject of fans was the great and pressing one be- fore the minds of Rogers Bros. The next twenty- four hours there was some- thing else to engross the boys’ attention. They soon 1. Silk Worm. 2. Cocoon. 3. Chrysalis. 4. Moth, found out that the children A GOOD FRIEND TO JAPAN. ° were a very important ele- ment in Japan life. . Rick and Ralph came hurrying to Uncle Nat, their cheeks flushed with excitement. “Oh, Uncle Nat, what do you suppose we saw?” “TJ don’t know; but something funny, Rick, I don’t doubt.” “Yes; a lot of boys and girls round a man, who seemed to be telling a story, for he kept talking away, and they were listening and laughing. And what do you suppose he did ?” “T couldn’t guess, ’m sure; but I'd just say that he stood on his head.” “He—he—went round getting money; and I rather think he stopped in the middle of his story on purpose, and wouldn’t tell the rest unless they paid him.” 138 ABOUT JAPANESE RULERS. 139 “Rick is probably right in his guess,” said Dr. Walton, “for that is a way a story-teller may have. They will work up the children to a hot stage of interest, and then will not cool them off until the cash comes in. The Japanese like to tell stories, and the children like to hear them. The better class of story-tellers have places where they narrate their stories, and charge an admission fee. I remember once I was travellmg im the country, and as I passed by an open door I heard voices. As I looked in I saw a man, who, I think, was a father sitting on the floor, and two children were in his lap. He held a bowl in his hand, and while one of the children was pouring something into it, he seemed to be telling them a story; laughing away as he went on. There are some funny stories, the Japanese story-tellers recite.” “ Doctor,” asked Uncle Nat, “does not Japanese history go back a long way? You tell us, and we three boys will listen.” 140 ALL ABOARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. “The Japanese themselves claim a credible history for twenty-five hundred years, but we outsiders get into the fog a few centuries after Christ, when we are trying to deal with Japan’s history. The Japa- nese can count up a list of over one hundred and twenty rulers, called mikados. Some of these have been very famous, and eight rulers, by the way, were women. There was an empress, Jingu Kogo, who became famous, though she was not formally declared the sov- ereion of Japan. Japanese mothers have shown some brave qualities. “Yes,” said Rick, “I met some this morning, and they looked real pleasant.” “Jingu Kogo, I imagine, could look fierce as well as pleasant. She conquered Corea. An order she gave her soldiers is worth remembering by young people who have obstacles in life to meet: ‘ Neither despise a few enemies, nor fear many.” It was her son, Ojin Tenno, who did an excellent thing when he sent to China to find out about silk ; ' obtaining, also, some one from Corea to teach his people concerning silk. The silk-worm has been a good friend to Japan. He also intro- duced Chinese characters, and a better breed of horses. If I gave the long string of queer Japanese names, you could not remember about the rulers; but I want to speak of one way Ojin had for finding out ° a wrong-doer. He was told by the brother of his prime minister that the latter was plotting against the government, and the emperor made the informant and the minister both run their arms down into boiling water, to see who was guilty. It is said that the brother could not stand it, and was therefore judged to be guilty, and was executed.” “When was it the Roman Catholics came to Japan?” asked Uncle Nat. “Tn the sixteenth century the Romanists came to Japan, and for a while they prospered; but Catholicism was almost entirely trampled out under the bloody foot of the persecutor. It should be said, though, that the Ly 7 / IB ve CUSTOM HOUSE, | i eS wD = | = Ht ) E bipr Fil re ct ey ic — i i ie i. i I) HAS \ ABOUT JAPANESE RULERS. 143 Japanese had had some reason to complain, as all the methods for diffusing Christianity can not be approved. The Japanese showed that they could torment as successfully as Western persecutors. Nobly, though, did Christian converts prove their sincerity. Some were burned to death. Thousands were thrown down from the rock of Pappenberg, in Nagasaki harbor. Cheerfully did they let their persecutors hurl them into pits, there to be buried alive. The government for many, many years prohibited Christianity. All over Japan was set up the kosatsu, or edict-board, forbidding the religion of Christ. I have seen a famous one near Nihon Bashi. It plainly said: ‘The evil sect called Christian is strictly prohibited.’ That day, though, has passed away. You will ask how it is that the hated foreigners have been allowed to come again in such numbers, bringing their hated religion. “The Dutch for a long time previous to this century had certain privileges of trade allowed them. In 1853, our Commodore Perry came here with several bull-dogs or war-ships, treating amicably with Japan, and yet the Japanese saw that the bull-dogs could growl, if _ necessary. Japan now agreed to open some of its ports to foreign trade. Foreign nations pressed closer upon Japan, Americans, English, Russians, French and Dutch treating with Sunrise Land. In 1868 came a civil war in Japan. For six hundred yearsa set of military rulers called shoguns were in existence. They lived at Yedo, as Tokiyo was formerly called, and though inferior to the emperor, yet they had such a military power in Japan that the mikado must oftentimes have been a kind of big, invisible, shut-up nobody at Kiyoto, the other capital and Japan’s sacred city. The shogun or tycoon, as he has been called, had been signing foreign treaties, and not the mikado; and dissatisfaction followed such abuse of privilege. People cried: ‘ Honor the mikado, and expel the barbarian!’ At last, war broke out between mikado and shogun. The result was that the mikado came to the 144 ALL ABQARD FOR SUNRISE LANDS. top of the heap, his rightful place; and to Yedo, whose name became Tokiyo as a part of the change, he went, as Japan’s lawful ruler. But now, what did the mikado party do but espouse the cause of the ¢ bar- barian;’ and lo, the new Japan! There were men wise enough to see . what was best, and seeing, obeyed their convictions. Foreign ideas are making Japan over; and among these ideas is the blessed religion of our Saviour.” “Rick,” whispered Ralph. The youngest of the “three boys” had gone to sleep over the history of Japan, and Ralph gently punched him. Rick rubbed his eyes, then opened them. ; “Rick, the doctor knows a lot about Japan. Let’s get him to tell a Japanese story,” whispered Ralph. A story! Rick was wide-awake at once. “Doctor, can’t you tell us a storv like what the Japanese story- tellers tell?” “ Ha, ha, Ralph! Do you want me to mount a chair, and begin in style?” : “Oh, yes.” “And pass a hat?” The boys who had spent all the money allowed for that day, looked aghast. A thought helped Ralph out of his corner. “Pass it for the benefit of two penniless boys from Concord! Oh yes, doctor.” - “We will compromise, Ralph, and not pass any.