WHAT THE EARTH IS MADE OF.

31. What a Hill is Made of.

This picture shows a deep cut on the side of a hill.

Point to the solid rock.

What rests upon the rock ?

Upon what does the water flow ?

What is sand? What is clay ?

Of what is the hill in the picture made?

What is a pond? What flows in all streams ?

Have you ever seen any part of the earth that is
not made of rock or water ?

What do we breathe? What is wind?

Where do clouds form ? What comes from clouds ?

Where does rain go?

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The earth is very large, and in places the
water is four or five miles in depth.

33. The Air.

Drop a small piece of paper. How did it move’
Why did it not fall straight down ?

Drop another piece. Did it fall like the first ?
Can you make two pieces fall in the same place ?

Can you see the air? Can you feel it?
your hand in the air.

These words may help you to think of some of
the uses of air: bird, ship, windmill, rain, breath,
balloon, plant, wave.

Swing

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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What the Marth is Made of.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

By far the greater part of

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

the earth is a ball of rock.
This great ball is not smooth..
Hills, mountains, plateaus and
valleys make rough places on
its surface.

The lower parts of the surface
of the rocky ball are covered
with water. The parts that are
above water are called the land.
You can see the land all about
your school.

We have learned that for
ages and ages rocks have been
decaying, and streams have been wasliing a
part of the fine rock down to the lowlands.

In most places there is a thin layer of fine
rock, or soil, over the solid rock.

Salt water covers about three fourths of the
surface of the earth. The other fourth of
the surface is land.

What is under the water?

If we picture the earth about the size of an
apple, the water will form a layer about as
thick as the peel of the apple. You must not
think that the water is really a thin layer.

 

Section of a Hill.

34. The Shell of Air.

We live and move in the air. We feel it
about us, we breathe it, and set it at work to
drive ships and to turn windmills.

How gentle the air is when calm. How

strong it is in angry gales.

We do not know how far the air extends
above us, but we do know that the upper air
is very thin. If we should go up only three
miles, many of us would suffer for breath.

The air forms a shell round every part of
the earth.