programs utilizing small farm program aides, more specification of the

small-scale farmer clientele is needed. While fully two-thirds of all

farmers may be classified as "small-scale" using a $20,000 gross

sales level as the criterion, clearly not all such farmers either

desire, require, or stand to benefit from intensive Extension assist-

ance (see the section in this report on "Clientele of the Small Farm

Program," p. 39).

 Further, within the "eligible" small farm categories there are

varying degrees of market orientation, receptivity to farm improvements,

and farm versus nonfarm focus. As classified by Brinkman, Driver, and
 19/
Blackburn, / each small-scale farmer will have differing potential to

benefit from assistance, as they differ on these three scales (Figure 1).

 Additional information about and evaluation of both regular and

intensvie Extension programs for small-scale farmers are needed.

Regular Extension Programs

 Concerning regular Extension programs, the following additional

information is needed:

 (a) What is the actual, as compared to the potential, participa-

 tion rate of small-scale farmers in these programs?

 (b) Do small-scale farmers avoid these programs because of socio-

 cultural barriers between themselves and professional

 Extension staff, or because the information and assistance



 G.L. Brinkman, H.C. Driver, and D.J. Blackburn, A Classification
 of Limited Resource Farmers Based on Behavioral and Economic
 Characteristics, School of Agricultural Economics and Extension
 Education Pub. No. 77-3, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario
 (1977).