CHAPTER 9 APPLICATION EXAMPLES Example 1: The PUMA 560 A popular orthogonal manipulator geometry, the PUMA 560, is described by the kinematic parameters given in Table 9-1 and illustrated in Figure 9.1. This manipulator has a spherical wrist and therefore allows closed-form solutions (Pieper 1968). Inverse kinematic solutions have been proposed by numerous authors for this type of arm (Lee and Ziegler 1984; Craig 1986; Paul and Zhang 1986). Table 9-1. PUMA 560 kinematic parameters Joint d G) a a (rd) e3 94 85. 7r/ 2 0 fr/ 2 7r/ 2 7r/72 0 This example is utility of the approach included here to demonstrate the already outlined and to contrast it ..