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 methodological issues that still remain to be satisfactorily
 resolved.
  (d) If an FSP is to receive priority in FSAR-type programs-a
 priority that is currently rare-then the logical institutional
 location of such a program is within a development project,
 extension program, or planning unit.

9. Boundaries

 9.1 As has been emphasized earlier, the major activities of "downstream"
 FSR programs in the future must be within national programs,
 although linkages with external agencies and expertise will be
 important in improving the effectiveness of national programs,
 particularly in solving methodological problems, transferring results
 across national boundaries in areas with similar "total" (technical
 and human) environments, etc.

 9.2 Experiment station based research programs are, currently, usually
 organized along commodity lines and have a national focus.

 9.3 Two possible ways exist for organizing "downstream" FSR-type
 activities:

 (a) "FSR in the small" emphasizing a couple of products throughout
 the country.
 (b) "FSR in the large" where all products (processes) are considered
 as in a regionally focused program. (Such a program could still
 be "FSR in the small" where only the major products are focused
 on.)

 Approach (b) is currently being emphasized in preference to approach (a),
 with regions being either defined ecologically (more relevant for an
 FSR program), or administratively (more important where an FSP emphasis
 is expected), or some compromise between the two.

 9.4 In setting up boundaries for FSAR-type programs, it is
 essential that effective linkages are maintained between:

 (a). The various regionally focused FSAR programs.
 (b) The regionally focused FSAR programs and the experiment
 station based research programs, extension, implementing and
 planning institutions.

 This can be facilitated through meetings, visits of staff to other
 programs, etc.

10 Conclusion

 FSAR-type activities are not a panacea. They complement and help
 integrate and improve the pay-off of other activities through providing
 a "bottom-up" approach. The decision whether to introduce FSAR activities
 is not an either-or decision, but rather one that can help improve the
 performance of other on-going activities.