SWANTOX] INDIAN TRIBES OF THE LOWER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY 343

river, having made 15 miles. This nation is small in number, owing to the
fact that the larger portion dwell with the Atatapas [Atakapas], who reside on
the seashore in summer especially and live on fish.a
 In 1784 we learn that there was a village of about 27 warriors on
 the La Fourche and two others on the Teche. One of the latter was
 under Fire Chief, often called by his Mobilian name, Mingo Luak,
 and was 10 leagues from the sea, while the other, under Red Shoes,
 was a league and a half higher up.b These are mentioned by several
 writers but are by no means all the Chitimacha villages occupied dur-
 ing this period in that region. The La Fourche band is probably the
 same that settled later at Plaquemine and of which one girl is said
 to be the sole survivor. The remnants of the Teche bands are located
 at Charenton, where they are still to be found. Altogether they
 probably do not number much over 50. It was from these latter
 that Gatschet drew the information regarding them, obtained in
 1881-82, some of which he afterward published in the Transactions
 of the Anthropological Society of Washington for 1883, pages 1-11.
 This tribe was officially recognized by French and Spanish gov-
 ernors of Louisiana and its territorial integrity guaranteed. An
 act of June 19, 1767, signed by Governor W. Aubry, recognizes the
 Chitimacha nation and orders the commandant at Manchac to treat
 their chief with respect. Another act, under signature of Governor
 Galvez, at New Orleans, September 14, 1777, commands the com-
 mandant and other subjects of the Spanish Government to respect
 the rights of these Indians in the lands they occupy and to protect
 them in the possession thereof. This information is contained in
 Docket No. 12585 of the United States circuit court at New Orleans.
 In giving this sketch of Chitimacha history a number of villages
have been mentioned, but these seem to have constituted but a small
part of those occupied by the tribe even in recent times. Gatschet,
in his paper of 1883,0 enumerated fifteen, all but two of which he
gave on the authority of the Chitimacha themselves. The following
are the thirteen from native sources, with such additions and cor-
rections as the writer was able to make through information fur-
nished by Benjamin Paul (pl. 18, b), now looked up to as a chief by
the remnant of this tribe:
 Teat Kasi'tuncki, now Charenton, on Bayou Teche, southwest side of Grand
Lake.
 Ama'tpan na'mu, Bayou Gris, 3 miles east from Charenton, on Bayou Teche.
[The writer was told that this was probably correct, but that there was a better-
known village of this name on the side of Grand Lake opposite Charenton.]
 Ne Pinu'nc (" Red Earth"), [Gatschet gives "net pinu'nsh," which words
mean "red tobacco "], 2 miles west from Charenton on Bayou Teche.
 SClaiborne, Hist. Miss., 66.
 b Hutchins, Hist. Narr. La., :39, 40, 1784.
 c Trans. Anthrop. Soc. Wash., nI, 4, 1883.