SWANTcGNJ INDIAN TRIBES OF THE LOWER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY 293

them: The Chicasaw, Choktah, and also the Chokchooma, who
in process of time were forced by war to settle between the two former
nations, came together from the west as one family," and states that
the Tallahatchie river, a large eastern affluent of the Yazoo, was called
" the Chokchooma river on its lower course because this tribe settled
upon it first after they came from the west."
 H. B. Cushman gives the tradition as follows: Many years after
the Choctaws and Chickasaws had established themselves east of
the Mississippi river a Choctaw chief named Shakchi Humma (Craw-
fish Red) recrossed the Mississippi river with his family and a large
number of adherents, and established a colony (under the name of
their chief, Shakchi Humma) in the present State of Arkansas. In
the course of years this colony became greatly enlarged by constant ac-
cessions, and with increasing numbers and strength also became inso-
lent and overbearing to that extent that a war arose between them and
another tribe, in which they were defeated and driven back over the
Mississippi to their former country."
 The Ranjel narrative of De Soto's expedition speaks of them as
follows: In Chicaca the governor ordered that half of his army
make war on Sacchuma; and on their return the chief Miculasa made
peace.c The Elvas narrative records the affair thus: The governor,
taking 30 cavalry and 80 infantry, marched to Saquechuma, the
province of the chief whom the Cacique said had rebelled. The town
was untenanted, and the Indians, for greater dissimulation, set fire
to it; but the people with the governor, being very careful and vigi-
lant, as were also those that had been left in Chicaca, no enemy dared
to fall upon them."1 a The Niculasa presented to De Soto just be-
fore this event was evidently the Chakchiuma chief whose name is re-
corded more correctly by Ranjel as Mikulasa, evidently Miko lusa,
" Black Chief."
 In the Tonti narrative in Margry the destruction of the village of
 Tangibaho, which they found burned, was said to be due to the
 Chouchoumas," c but reasons have already been given for believing
 that the tribe spoken of was not the Chakchiuma proper.
 In 1690, while Tonti was encamped "opposite the river of the
 Taencas, which runs from Arkansas," his Shawnee companion went
 hunting on the opposite side of the river, where he was attacked by
 three Chacoumas. He killed one of them and was slightly wounded
 by an arrow in the left breast." r The wording appears to place this
 encounter on the west side of the Mississippi, but perhaps there is
 aAdair, Hist. Amer. Ind., 66, 352, 1775.
 b History of the Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Natchez Indians, 242-245.
 c Bourne, Narratives of De Sote, II, 132-133.
 d Ibid., I, 101, 102.
 i Margry, D6couvertes, I, 604.
 t French, Hist. Coll. La., 72, 1846.