743

clusters that result in other dialects from operation of
the morphophonemic vowel-dropping rules La Paz has lost.
La Paz has no alternations of voiced and voiceless allophones
of stops; such alternations do not occur in Spanish,
where voiced and voiceless stops are separate phonemes.
(La Paz Aymara, like other Aymara dialects, does have
rules for voicing and frication of intervocalic velar
stops, but not rules for voicing without frication. )
In La Paz Aymara the diminutive suffix has been replaced
by Spanish loans.

Not all innovations fostered by La Paz can be
attributed to Spanish influence, of course. An example
of a usage that is on the way out because of internal
pressures within Aymara is the 4>3 Future allomorph
/-tana/(and its reduced variants). Only one contemporary
dialect, Calacoa, was found to use it to the exclusion
of the allomorph /-fiani/ found elsewhere, and only two
other dialects, Salinas and Morocomarca, were found to
use the /-tana/ allomorph at all, in apparently free
variation with /-fiani/. Elsewhere only /-fiani/ was heard.
The shift from /-tana/ to /-fiani/ may have arisen from
an avoidance of homophony of /-tana/ with (1) the 4+3
Simple tense suffix (although it requires a preceding
consonant), (2) 4+3 Remote Direct Knowledge tense allomorphs
that occur in certain dialects including La Paz, or (3)

certain allomorphs of the 3-3 Remote Indirect Knowledge