684

particle jani but otherwise always on verbs. This is not
the case in other dialects. As indicated in Chapter 8,
frequent use of -wa, especially with verb tenses already
implying direct personal knowledge, increases the personal
knowledge connotation (see 9-6.13).

Some nominalizing subordination occurs in all
dialects; however, the Sebeok story has very little.
Spoken Missionary texts and the stories recorded by Wexler
(1967) use normal levels of subordination by nominalization
although they tend not to use uka as resumator.

Certain syntactic linkers used in Missionary Aymara
are composed of native Aymara roots and suffixes but have
different meanings in Missionary Aymara than elsewhere.

The following are the most common:

Missionary Non-Missionary
kuna. layku,ti.xa "because' not used
uka.mpi.sa ‘but’ ‘with that'

Perhaps more than any other one feature, use of kuna. layku.-
ti.xa stamps a speaker as having some association with
missionaries, usually Protestants, although the term has
been adopted by some Catholics. It occurs in the conver-
sation of members of religious sects, but it did not occur

in the Baptist sermon analyzed for this study, the Spanish