32] g"uma.nta ‘hug; embrace' (Juli) -nta- ‘into' ufi.naga ‘appearance; appear' (Huancané) -naga- ‘around’ See 4-2 for general morphophonemic rules that affect verbal derivational suffixes beginning with voiced consonants and specifically with nasals. Verbal deriva- tional suffixes beginning with the fricatives /j/ or /x/ require a preceding consonant. The morphophonemics of the remaining suffixes are unpredictable and must be specified for each suffix. Suffixes subject to the three-vowel rule are listed in 4-3.22.16. 6-2.1 Class 1 suffixes The 22 suffixes¢ of this class are discussed below in the order of their occurrence in stems. Thirteen of these suffixes can verbalize noun roots. Four can also verbalize certain noun stems, and one of the four can verbalize noun themes ending in -fia nominalizer. 6-2.11 ~ycha- verbalizer, causative In all dialects ~ycha- occurs most often as a verbalizer of noun roots. Examples: isi.cha.fa ‘to gradually acquire a lot of clothes ~— over a period of time' (La Paz/Compi) jiwq'i.cha.jfia ‘to cause smoke' (Calacoa)