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2-4.13 Sociolinguistic studies

In Peru the government has in recent years sought
the participation of missionary linguists associated with
the Summer Institute of Linguistics and of secular linguists
from academic institutions in the development of educa-
tional programs for speakers of indigenous languages
(loosely referred to as bilingual education programs).
While most publications on problems of multilingualism
in Peru focus on Quechua and the jungle languages rather
than on Aymara, several recent studies include references
to Aymara. As noted in 1-1, the two most recent Peruvian
national censuses (for 1961 and 1972) contain basic demo-
graphic data on the numbers and location of Aymara speakers
in Peru. The proceedings of a round table on problems
of Quechua and Aymara monolingualism held in 1963 have
been published in Mesa redonda sobre el monolingiiismo

quechua_ y aymara y 1a educaci6n en el Perd (1966). One

of the participants in the round table was Alberto
Escobar, a Peruvian linguist who later founded the
government- and Ford Foundation-supported Plan de Fomento
Lingiifstico (linguistic development plan) at the National
University of San Marcos in Lima and who has written
several thoughtful essays on the language problems of
Peru such as an article on literacy programs (Escobar
1972a). Escobar edited a collection of articles entitled

El_reto del multilingiiismo en el PerG which appeared in