59

white and mestizo landowners who learned to speak the
language imperfectly as children and whose attitude
toward the Aymara people and their language ranges

from kindly but patronizing to contemptuous. This kind
of Aymara is referred to as Patr6én Aymara (from the
Spanish patr6n 'owner') by Bolivian Aymara native speakers.
In the catalogues individual forms may be correctly trans-
lated but Spanish phrases are translated word for word
into Aymara that is usually discourteous if not insulting,
and often incorrect. Moreover, chaotic spelling reflects
a very inadequate grasp of Aymara phonology. (See Chapter
9 for examples.)

A variation on the catalogue is Gramética del
kechua_y del aymara (1942) by German G. Villamor. It
contains short grammatical descriptions of Quechua and
Aymara, a brief three-way dictionary of words from those
two languages and Spanish, and sections on history, myths,
and superstitions. Insofar as the Aymara is concerned,
the book is deficient in every respect, with incorrect
material poorly arranged. Another variation on the cata-
logue is Vocablos aymaras en el habla popular pacena
(1963) by Antonio Paredes Candfa, containing Aymara words
purported to occur in colloquial La Paz speech. Accord-
ing to Vasquez, who reviewed the book with me, many of
the Aymara forms are incorrectly translated and in any

case are terms used by whites or mestizos in the city