7

closing a root, stem, or theme to further derivation,

is limited to verbs and to one noun 'suffix', zero
complement vowel drop; noun case suffixes permit further
derivation. Accumulation of suffixes on one stem is common.

Morphosyntactic subordination is accomplished
by nominalization and use of final suffixes to mark
dependent clauses. Syntactic processes include use of
the demonstrative uka 'that' as linker and summarizer,
and sentence embedding with the reportive verb sa.fia
‘to say'.

Apart from these features, Aymara shares with
the other Jaqi languages certain linguistic postulates.
Hardman (in press a) has defined linguistic postulates
as

. recurrent categorizations in [a]

language . . . the most tightly tied to

the perceptions of the speakers. ...

The most powerful .. . are those involved

in the obligatory grammatical system.
Typically, a postulate is realized at

several levels . . . morphologically,
syntactically, and in the semantic struc-
ture.

The principal Jaqi linguistic postulates according to

Hardman (1972a) are a four-person system, a distinction
of human and nonhuman, and a distinction of direct and
indirect knowledge with respect to data source. These
three postulates are marked throughout Aymara structure

in morphology, syntax, and semantics.