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of Brazil; production, transportation, and trade from both a national and a regional
point of view.
ES 647-FINANCIAL AND FISCAL INSTITUTIONS OF SELECTED SUB-SAHARAN
 COUNTRIES. 5 credits
 Public finances and the money and banking policies of representative countries
of Africa.
ES 649-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS SEMINAR. 5 credits
 Market and non-market types of economies, their characteristics and economics,
and their different significance for systems of government and general social orders,
legal and juridical systems, and for business and public policy.
ES 654-EcoNOMICS OF REGULATED INDUSTRIES. 5 credits
 Types and techniques of public control. Economic analysis and evaluation of
regulatory and promotional policies. Administrative and legal aspects of the regu-
latory process. Special problems in particular industries.
ES 655-INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION AND SOCIAL CONTROL. 5 credits
 Economic and other characteristics of modern industrial structures. Relation-
ships between industrial structure, business conduct, and economic performance.
Measurement of concentration and evaluation of performance. Public policies to-
ward monopoly, conspiracy, and competition.
ES 657-PROBLEMS IN SOCIAL CONTROL. 5 credits
 Nature and causes of market failure. Problems in developing and applying
concepts of public interest in a market economy. Institutional restraints to eco-
nomic solutions; coordination of political and market decisions concerning the
allocation of resources.
ES 660-NONSTOCHASTIC MODELS. 5 credits
 Identical with FRE 660. Prerequisite: MS 324 or ISE 401. The general linear
programming model and its basic theorems, integer and nonlinear programming.
Spatial equilibrium, input-output, and game theory models.
ES 661-ECONOMETRIC METHODS 1. 5 credits
 Identical with FRE 661. Prerequisite: STA 441 or equivalent. Stochastic models.
The general linear model and problems associated with its use in econometric re-
search. Theory of the simultaneous equation approach, model construction, and
estimation techniques.
ES 662-ECONOMETRIC METHODS 2. 4 credits
 Identical with FRE 662. Prerequisite: ES 661 or FRE 661. Single equation topics,
errors in variables, nonspherical disturbances, and lagged variables. Dynamic si-
multaneous equation models and miscellaneous topics in multivariate analysis.
Spectral and cross-spectral analysis.
ES 663-RESEARCH SEMINAR IN ECONOMETRICS. 1 to 3 credits
 Identical with FRE 663. Prerequisite: ES 661. Empirical measurement in applied
 economics. Empirical problem requiring the construction, estimation, and defense
 of a quantitative economic model.
 ES 665-MATHEMATICAL ECONOMICS 1. 5 credits
 Prerequisite: BA 591 or equivalent. A mathematical approach to microeconomic
 theory, including the theory of the firm, theory of consumer behavior, and selected
 topics in market conditions.
 ES 666 -MATHEMATICAL ECONOMICS 2. 5 credits
 Prerequisite: ES 665. Probability and simulation models of economic behavior;
 mathematical models from monetary economics.