66 / FIELDS OF INSTRUCTION AST 6305-Space Plasma Physics (2) Prereq: introductory elec- tromagnetic theory. Derivation and application of electrody- namic relationships in magnetospheric, interplanetary, interstel- lar, and other astrophysical plasmas. Excitation and propagation of hydromagnetic and electromagnetic waves in such regions. AST 6309-Galactic and Extragalactic Astronomy (4) Prereq: AST 3019C. Observations and interpretations of the kinematics, dynamics, and structure of the Milky Way Galaxy, extragalactic objects, and galaxy clusters. AST 6336-Interstellar Matter (3) Prereq: AST 5210. Complex interplay of physical processes that determine the structure of the interstellar medium in our galaxy; emphasis is placed upon a comparison of observational data with theoretical prediction. AST 6416-Cosmology (3) Prereq: PHZ6606. Introduction to the observational background and to the theory of cosmology. AST 6506-Celestial Mechanics (3) Prereq: AST 3019C, PHY 4222. Analytical and numerical computation of orbits. AST 6705C-Techniques of Optical Astronomy 1 (2) Prereq: AST 3019. Fundamental principles of optical imaging in astronomical instruments. Principles of photographic and photoelectric instru- ments. Principles of photographic and photoelectric detectors. Laboratory exercises. AST 6706-Techniques of Optical Astronomy II (2) Prereq: AST 6705C. Design of instrumentation for optical astronomy; tele- scopes, photometers, spectrographs. Observational techniques and data reduction. Laboratory exercises. AST 6711-Basic Principles of Radio Astronomy (3) Prereq: AST 3019. Coreq: PHY 4324. Introduction to radio astron-omy, including early history, measurement parameters, applicable radio physics, relevant mathematical techniques, properties of band-limited gaussian noise, and limitations on radio telescope sensitivity and resolution. AST 6712-RadioAstrophyiscs (2) Prereq:AST 6711. Astrophysi- cal plasmas, radio source emission mechanisms and spectra, principal types of results obtained in radio astronomy and their astrophysical implications. AST 6715-Radio Astronomy Instrumentation (2) Prereq: AST 6711. Survey of radio astronomy instrumentation, including basic principles and methods of operations. Study of antennas and arrays, interferometers, polarimeters, receivers, recorders, and calibration devices. AST 6715L-Radio Astronomy Laboratory (1) Coreq: AST 6715. Laboratory experiments and observatory sessions designed to accompany AST 6715. AST 6905-Individual Work (1-3; max: 6) Supervised study or research in areas not covered by other courses. AST 6910-Supervised Research (1-5; max: 5) S/U. AST 6935-Seminar in Modern Astronomy (1; max: 6) Recent developments in theoretical and. observational astronomy and astrophysics. S/U. AST 6940-Supervised Teaching (1-5; max: 5) S/U. AST 6943-Internship in College Teaching (2,4,6; max: 6) Re- quired for Master of Science in Teaching candidates but available for students needing additional practice and direction in college- level teaching. AST 6971-Research for Master's Thesis (1-15) S/U. AST 7939-Special Topics (2-4; max: 12) Assigned reading, pro- grams, seminar, or lecture series in a new field of advanced astronomy. AST 7979-Advanced Research (1-9) Research for doctoral stu- dents before admission to candidacy. Designed for students with a master's degree in the field of study or for students who have been accepted for a doctoral program. Not open to students who have been admitted to candidacy. S/U. AST 7980-Research for Doctoral Dissertation (1-15) S/U. PHZ 6606-Special and General Relativity (4) Prereq: PHY 6246, tensor analysis, invariance. Einstein's special and general theo- ries of relativity; relativistic cosmology. BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY College of Medicine GRADUATE FACULTY 1989-90 Chairman: D. L. Purich. Graduate Coordinator: R. P. Boyce. Professors: C. M. Allen, Jr.; R. P. Boyce; P. W. Chun; B. M. Dunn; M. S. Kilberg; P. J. Laipis; R. J. Mans; T. W. O'Brien; D. L. Purich; M. Young. Associate Professor: R.J. Cohen. Assistant Professors: S.C. Frost; P. M. McGuire; H. S. Nick. Assistant Research Scientist: M. J. Koroly. The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biol- ogy offers the Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy degrees in biochemistry with specialization in physical biochemistry, molecular biology, cell biology, and medi- 'cal biochemistry. Specific areas of study include structure and function of cellular and nuclear membranes in mammalian cells; transport of molecules into the cell; regulation of cell division and gene expression; X-chromosome inactiva- tion; assembly and regulation of the cytoskeleton; bio- chemistry of differentiation; biochemical genetics; mo- lecular biology of nucleic acids; site-directed mutagene- sis; replication and repair in bacterial and eukaryotic cells; biosynthesis and structure of nucleic acids, proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, lipoproteins, sensory biochemis- try; isoprenoid metabolism; physical biochemistry of nucleic acids and proteins; mechanism of enzyme action; and molecular evolution. New graduate students should have adequate training in general, organic, quantitative, and physical chemistry as well as in physics, biology, and calculus. Minor defi- ciences may be made up immediately after entering graduate school. Doctoral candidates are required to take several bio- chemistry courses which include BCH 6065,6156, 6206, 6415, 6876 and 6936. Depending upon interests and background of the student, additional courses are recom- mended from the following list: BCH 6296, 6746, 7077, 7257, and 7515. The curriculum for doctoral candidates may also include advanced chemistry, physiology, micro- biology, and genetics courses. BCH 6156C-Research Methods in Biochemistry (1-4; max: 8) Coreq: BCH 6415, 6740. Only by special arrangement. Bio- chemical research in which the student refines research tech- niques in physical biochemistry, intermediary metabolism, molecular biology, and cell biology under supervision of a staff member. BCH 6206-Advanced Metabolism (3) Prereq:general biochem- istry or consent of instructor. The reactions of intermediary metabolism with emphasis upon their integration, mechanisms, and control. One of the tltree core biochemistry courses. BCH 6296-Advanced Topics in Metabolic Control (1; max: 6) Prereq: BCH 6206, 6415, 6740, or consent of instructor. Study of the thermodynamic, allosteric, hormonal, and genetic control of metabolic reactions. BCH 6415-Advanced Molecular and Cell Biology (3) Prereq: general biochemistry or consent of instructor. An advanced course in the molecular biology of pro- and eukaryotes. Topics will include DNA replication, chromosome organization, RNA and protein synthesis, and molecular aspects of gene regulation. One of the three core biochemistry courses. BCH 6740-Advanced Physical Biochemistry (3) Prereq:general biochemistry and physical chemistry or consent of instructor. Physical chemistry of biological molecules and the techniques for their study. Constitutes one of the three core biochemistry courses. BCH 6746-Advanced Topics in Physical Biochemistry (1; max: 6) Prereq: BCH 6206, 6415, 6740, or consent of instructor. Study of physical chemistry of proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, enzymes, as well as their modes of interaction. BCH 6876-Recent Advances in Biochemistry (1) Prereq: BCH 6740 or equivalent. Areas of biochemistry and molecular biol- ogy, selected by the faculty, discussed critically and in depth. Emphasis on current controversy and theory, data interpreta- tions, and scientific writing. Classes held informally in small groups, duringeach semester, involving all biochemistry faculty on a rotating basis. S/U. BCH 6910-Supervised Research (1-5; max: 5) S/U. BCH 6936-Biochemistry Seminar (1; max: 20) Required of graduate students in biochemistry; open to others by special