Requirements for the Certificate in African Studies with a master's degree are (a) at least 18 credits of course work in a departmental major, 15 of which should relate to Africa; (b) 9 credits of course work re- lated to Africa and distributed in at least two other departments; and (c) a thesis on an African topic. Requirements for the Certificate in African Studies with the doctoral degree are (a) the doctoral require- ments of the major department; (b) 18 credits of *course work related to Africa in two or more other de- partments; (c) a dissertation on an African topic based on field work in Africa; (d) knowledge of a language appropriate to the area of specialization. Inquiries about the various programs and activities of the Center should be addressed to the Director, Center for African Studies, 470 Grinter Hall. International Relations, a field of specialization leading to the M.A. and Ph.D. degrees, is offered in programs through the Department of Political Sci- ence. In addition to the M.A. and Ph.D. with a major in political science which may emphasize interna- tional relations, the University offers an M.A. and Ph.D. with a major in political science-international relations. For the M.A. the requirements are the same as for the M.A. in political science. For the Ph.D. the student has the option of taking either 1) four fields of political science and a single or composite minor, or 2) three fields of political science (plus two gradu- ate courses in a fourth field) and two minor fields or a composite minor. The Center for Latin American Studies is respon- sible for directing and coordinating graduate training, research, and other academic activities related to the Latin American area. Master of Arts Degree in Latin American Area Stud- ies.-The interdisciplinary area degree offered through the Center can be pursued in two options. The first is a. traditional program which emphasizes training and research focused on developing a greater appreciation and understanding of Latin America's cultures, traditions, and languages. Requirements for the major concentration are 14 credits consisting pri- marily of Latin American language or area courses in one department, which may be agricultural and ex- tension education, anthropology, economics, food and resource economics, geography, history, political science, Romance languages (Spanish and Portu- guese), or sociology. The second alternative clusters course work and re- search along a selected topical field, with the em- phasis placed on training in interdisciplinary problem-solving methodologies and their application to contemporary Latin American problems. Under this option, and especially with regard to the training of students from Latin America, an individualized program of instruction is developed to build on prior professional or administrative experiences and pre- pare the individual for technical and professional work in the home country. Requirements for the ma- jor are 14 credits in an interdisciplinary, applied course of study focused on Latin America which may include such fields as rural or urban development, re- gional analysis, demography, social change, tropical agriculture, migration, natural resource management, health delivery, mass communications, or museum studies and conservation. Other requirements, common to both options, are (a) 12 credits of Latin American language and/or area courses in at least two other departments, (included in this requirement is at least one semester of LAS 6938); (b) a thesis on a Latin American topic for which INTERDISCIPLINARY GRADUATE STUDIES / 31 up to six credits are given through registration in LAS 6971; and (c) a reading, writing, and speaking knowl- edge of a Latin American language. The M.A. with a program in Latin American area studies is intended primarily as a degree for persons who are not aiming at a teaching career in traditional academic departments but who require either a broad knowledge of Latin American cultures and appropri- ate language competence or interdisciplinary, problem-related, area-focused training for their pro- fessional career objectives. This program is so struc- tured, however, that students may move directly from it into departmental Ph.D. programs. Minimum requirements for admission to the pro- gram are (1) a grade average of B (3.00) for all upper-' division undergraduate work; (2) a combined Verbal- Quantitative score of at least 1000 on the Graduate Record Examination; (3) an adequate proficiency in reading, writing, aural comprehension, and speaking of either Spanish or Portuguese. Students not meeting the required proficiency will be required to take ar appropriate remedial course. Exceptions to the above requirements are made only when these and other criteria, such as letters of .recommendation, are reviewed by the Center, recom- mended by the Center, and approved by the Dean for Graduate Studies and Research. Graduate Certificates in Latin American Studies.- Through agreement with departments of participating colleges (Liberal Arts and Sciences, Business Adminis- tration, Education, Journalism and Communications, Agriculture, Architecture, and Fine Arts) students in master's programs requiring theses may earn a Certifi- cate in Latin American Studies. The requirements are (a) at least 20 credits of work in the major department with a Latin American concentration, (b) a six-credit minor with Latin American content in another depart- ment including one semester of LAS 6938, (c) a thesis on a Latin American topic for which up to six credits are given, and (d) a reading knowledge of a Latin American language. Certificates in Latin American Studies may be awarded to students in nonthesis programs who (a) satisfy department requirements for the major and minor, (b) include in their courses of study at least 12 hours of Latin American content courses divided be- tween at least two disciplines other than the major and including one semester of LAS 6938, (c) complete at least 36 credit hours of graduate course work, and (d) demonstrate a reading knowledge of a Latin American language. In choosing area courses, the stu- dent taking this option should work closely with the graduate coordinator of the Center for Latin American Studies. Only those courses specifically approved by the coordinator will be counted toward the required 12 hours of Latin American concentration. Advanced Graduate Certificate in Latin American Studies.-The Center does not offer an in- terdisciplinary Latin American Area Studies degree at the doctoral level. However, it does provide a Certifi- cate in Latin American Studies which is awarded in conjunction with doctoral degrees in the following areas: agriculture, anthropology, business adminis- tration, economics, education, food and resource eco- nomics, geography, history, political science, soci- ology, and Spanish. Requirements for the doctoral certificate are (a) Latin American concentration within the major department; (b) an area minor of at least 20 credits consisting principally of Latin Ameri- can language and area courses in two or more depart- ments outside the,major and including at least three