-16-


 On an index of production per cow, with 1925=100, output in
1960 was 166 for the United States and 162 in the Southern Region.
The increase in productivity in Florida far exceeded these levels,
at 235 in 1960.

 Utilization of Milk Produced.--Since 1925, important changes in
consumer usage of dairy products have resulted in significant changes
in the disposition of milk supplies in the United States (Fig.2).
Fluid milk, cheese and frozen dairy products showed fairly consistent
gains in the percent of total United States milk supplies utilized
in these products. Cheese has risen constantly, from 5.3 percent
of total supplies in 1925 to 10.1 percent in 1959. Fluid milk and
frozen dairy products both showed gains in importance for the
entire period, but declined relative to other dairy products during
the early 1930's. Butter, evaporated milk and condensed milk showed
considerable declines from years of peak utilization of milk supplies
in these products. Other minor uses of milk have also shown con-
siderable declines from peak years in the period to 1959.23/ These
other uses include dry whole milk, farm butter, exports and storage
stocks, milk fed to calves and other minor uses of milk.


 Per Capita Consumption of Fluid and Manufactured
 Milk Products, United States, 1925-1960

 Fluid Milk Products.--The United States per capital consumption
 of all fluid dairy products remained fairly stable from 1925 to 1940.
 Consumption rose to a record level in 1945. Since 1950, consumption
 has again been stable at levels above 1925-1940, but below the 1945
 rate by a considerable amount. In 1958, the latest year for which
 complete data are available, the quantity of all dairy products
 consumed was 368.0 pounds per capital (Table 8).24/

 Among various products, trends in per capital consumption have
 moved in opposite directions. Increases in consumption per person
 of cultured buttermilk, chocolate-flavored skim milk and cottage
 cheese have been little short of phenomenal. Cultured buttermilk
 increased from 1.8 pounds per capital in 1925 to 8,1 pounds in
 1958, an increase of 6.3 pounds or 350 percent. In this same
 period, chocolate-flavored skim milk and cottage cheese showed
 increases of 1,057 percent and 500 percent respectively. The rate
 of increase of fresh whole milk was small compared to those products
 which increased. Per capital consumption of whole milk also decreased
 over a part of the period, declining from 335 pounds in 1945 to 287
 pounds in 1960.



 23/Reported in Appendix A, Table 44, which provides complete
 data from 1925-1955 at five-year intervals and annually from
 1956-1959.
 24/Exclusive of donations and other special programs operated
 by the federal government.