Residual hazards: 2, 4-D and 2,4,5-T are subject to both chemical and
microbial breakdown in the soil. No crop detectable residue can be expected
in the soil at 30 to 45 days after application of the suggested rates
especially under the temperature and rainfall conditions of the "off-season."
These treatments will not persist into the crop season if accidentally or
deliberately applied to canals or field ditches during the "off-season."
Treatments numbered 3 and 4 in the preceding text should not be used on
crop land less than 45 days before planting is anticipated.

 Crop-season (and off-season) ditchbanks only; repeat as needed:

 5. Flame: under same conditions as in number 1 above.

 *6. "Antmate" at 50 lb/loo gallons of water applied as a foliage wetting
 spray should cover more than 1 acre. The addition of a spreader-sticker
 to the tank mix should improve effectiveness. Approximate cost of treatment
 $15.00/A. One drawback is that this herbicide is somewhat corrosive to
 metal' components of spray equipment and thorough washing is necessary
 after use.

 *7. PCP-foftified diesel oil emulsion; PCP (Penta) emulsifiable con-
 centrate should be mixed at the rate of 1 lb. technical PCP equivalent with
 7.5 gallons each of diesel oil and water. Use good agitation and apply
 as a foliage vetting spray. This treatment will provide rapid topkill
 of vegetation with a very short residual effect. The main disadvantage
 of PCP is lack of effect on unexposed plant parts and roots.

 8. Growers currently satisfied with chlorates may wish to continue to
 use them. Other materials are more effective and are inflammable. Those
 who wish to use chlorates should investigate chlorate-borate mixtures
 which have reduced flammability hazards.

 9. Growers experienced and satisfied with arsenicals may wish to
 continue with these materials for a ditchbank program. However, as is
 true of chlorates, there are more effective and less hazardous chemicals
 available.

 Application and residual hazards: Essentially no hazard if sprays are
 kept from growing crops end aclatd..

 Application Equipment

 *10.; Separate spray equipment for herbicides (especially 2,4-D and
 2,4,5-T) is desirable and undoubtedly economically justified for all but
 the smallest operations. This would eliminate time and bother of cleaning
 and calibrating sprayers.

 11. Where practicable, brush boom equipped sprayers of the conventional
 herbicide type with nylon roller pump will be economical and satisfactory.
 There is little need for pumps of greater that 5 pmn capacity. The boom
 should be kept as low as possible aid still get the desired coverage and
 wet the weeds. Low spraying pressure (30 50 psi) and fairly large
 orifice, fan-type nozzles will wet all but the most dense vegetation.
 With 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T materials 20 to 50 gpa of solution should be
 sufficient.