INSTRUCTION IN SCIENCE, HEALTH AND SAFETY 67 4. To develop desirable social attitudes. The material of science should be so presented that pupils are helped to develop attitudes that are socially desirable to- ward such matters as their own health and safety, the health and safety of others, the wise use of resources. Areas of Science Instruction The extent of science material is great but if the elementary teacher thinks in terms of the six major areas of science instruction she can be confident of directing the pupils in well-rounded experi- ences. The six areas are: The earth, the universe, living things, natural forces, chemical and physical changes, man's control over his environment. Each year in the elementary school the child should meet experiences in each of these areas. Through the cycle or spiral plan he gradually builds an understanding of such basic principles as: 1. Man's conception of truth changes. 2. It is desirable to have confidence in the scientific method. 3. Nature's principles are invariable. 4. There is a cause for every effect. 5. Much knowledge remains to be discovered. 6. Conditions favorable to life are apt to persist on the earth for a long time. 7. Man has become an important determining factor in the environment of many forms of life. His continued ex- istence and advancement are dependent upon his wise modification and control of his environment. Teachers of Elementary Science Successful elementary teachers will find little difficulty in adapt- ing themselves to effective work in elementary science. Anelementary teacher need not have a college major or minor in science in order to do good work. An introductory course in two or more fields of science gives a teacher necessary information and confidence, but she need not be a specialist. Subjective qualifications are important: