management systems; and 4) provide efficacy data for potential registration of

herbicides or herbicide combinations for use in pearl millet.



 METHODS AND MATERIALS

 Weed control experiments in pearl millet were conducted under both

 greenhouse and field conditions from 1988-1994. Pearl millet hybrid seed

 HGM100, developed by the pearl millet breeding program of the USDA-ARS, Coastal

 Plain Experiment Station, was used in all experiments.

 The experiments were conducted on a Norfolk sandy loam or Tifton loamy sand

 (fine, loamy, siliceous, thermic Typic Kandiudults) located at the North Florida

 Research and Education Center, Quincy, Florida, and the Coastal Plain Experiment

 Station, Tifton, Georgia, respectively.

 Weed species varied from year to year, but included Texas panicum,

 crabgrass, crowfootgrass, smallflower morningglory, morningglory spp., Palmer

 amaranth, cocklebur, carpetweed, purple nutsedge, and yellow nutsedge. Crop

 injury and weed control efficacy was determined by visual observation of each

 plot with 0 = no effect and 100 = complete kill. Bird damage was devastating to

 experimental plots, but yield on some experiments were measured in two ways: 1)

 predicting grain yield by regression analysis from head lengths as reported by

 Pudelko, et al., 1993 or 2) bagging of 10 heads/plot after pollination, allowing

 the grain to mature and dry, weighing the threshed grain, and then converting the

 yield data to lb/A based on the number of heads/acre.

 In Florida, the no-till systems were established on land that had been

fallowed for one year. The experimental area was mowed and treated with

Gramoxone Extra to kill existing vegetation before planting pearl millet. In

Georgia, stale seedbed systems were established by preparing a conventional

seedbed and then delaying planting of pearl millet 10-14 days. This allowed the

first flush of weeds to emerge, which were killed by applying Gramoxone Extra at

planting.

 Pearl millet was planted 0.75 to 1.0 inch deep in either 18 or 36 inch rows.

Herbicides were applied with a conventional boom sprayer, applying 20 gal/A at