attack hardpan problems vegetable systems intercropping systems rotation systems N-fixing crops bt-fixing crops information transfer i=rove overall transfer The Sondeo helped to identify existing production strategies which should be incorporated into the'team's research activities. Knowledge of existing practices allowed the team to do two things: 1) focus on alternative technologies that are appropriate considering present practices and constraints; and 2) compare cost and managerial factors of traditional to proposed innovative practices. listed below are several types of activities undertaken by the team. -examinations of variable times of planting and fertilization,including single versus multiple fertilizations (Used in the small grains trials.) -examinations of variable fertilizer rates, especially N, K, S, and microelements -examination of liming practices -determining the degree to'which alternative winter grains could be grazed, such as is done with rye and oats -compare tropical corn to traditional corn -using low horsepower tractor for subsoiling Proposed Alternatives The Sondea led the team to identify five major problem areas to be researched. They are management, soil compaction, grain crops, fertilization requirements, and forage crops. The general kinds of alternatives which the FSR/E team initially considered under each specific problem area are described below. Actual research projects initiated since 1981 are listed following the discussion of alternatives under IFSR/E Research." Management PROBLEM: The fact that many members of the clientele group work off-farm means that management time is a constraint. It may be