240 University of California Publications i History

Oxfs, Lure D&. Memoir spon the NegoteatioM between pad and the United
 States of Amserea, Which Led to the Treaty of 1819.... Troumlated from
 the Sptieh, with Notes, by robia Wuthbls Wa ahington, B. De Krant,
 printer, 1821; Baltimore, published by Fielding Luea, Jr., 1821.
 Volme I of On' memoir, published beere the dedaion o the Spanish Oort in
 favor of ratifestion, contains a nral amount of the feign relations of the United
 States, a brief narrative of the negotiation, and in the Appendix the Praneo-Spansh
 treaty of 1800, th Convention of 180 between Spain and the United states the
 Adams-Onis Treaty, and the three "Verus" pamphlet written by or for On.s in 1810,
 1812, and 1817.
 Volume II has not reeelved due historical notice because it was not published in
 the English vereson. It appeared in the winter of 1890, after ratileeton had been
 approved, and contained, in addition to tranripts of most of the notes exchanged by
 Onis and Adams, a highly signieant note upon the value of.the treat ya Ons saw it,
 which is discussed in chapter vii, asps.
 The general seount of the United Statees in a probability wa drawn up parm ant
 to an order of May, 1818, to the efeet that each Spanish diplomatle repreetative
 abroad should submit at the end of his term of eerice a historlel-polltial memoir con-
 eerning the country to which he we assigned (Pianro to Oni, May 02, 1818, in
 A.M.B. 224). At leat the material assembled for that task was conveniently t hand
 when he esayed to defend his treaty by a published statement.
 The translator in his Prefae wisly observed that, for Oats to prove that he had not
 aeeepted a disraeful treaty, and that he had not been influened by fear or partiality
 for the United states, "It wa important, that he should show the political and physical
 atrength of the United States, in its utmot magnitude: that he should demonstrate the
 impossibility of defending the Spanish provinces in America from the ambitious grasp
 of this coloeal power: and that he should draw such a picture of the people, as might
 lead to the inference that contempt, rather than admiration or dread, applied him
 with the coloringg" This provides a reaonable explanation for the often paradoxical
 characterization of the potentialities of the land and its people, and of the vaingloriou
 iniquity of both individual and national attitudes.
 Tobias Wathins, the translator, was a phyiidan who became active in public afairs.
 He wa assistant surIeon-general of the United States in 1818 and 1819, and from
 1824 to 1829 was fourth auditor of the United states Treasury. He had edited a perl-
 odical, I e Portio, with a partner in Philadelphia from 1816 to 1820, aa had trans-
 lated certain medical matter from French when he undertook the Onte memoir.
 The memoir was reprinted in Spanish at Mexico City in 1826.
 John Forsyth' Observatio, which he wrote in reply to Onf' book and circulated
 among certain members of the Spanish ortes in 1820, were published in Madrid in
 1822. The translation into 8panish was done by the Reverend Thomas Gough, who had
 once been an unocial representative of the United States there. The titl was Obserw-
 etones oebra I memworla del Selor OTni, reelties 4 is sepooleUe esn loe Batede.

 PATO, JAMs. Andrew Jackso 3 vols. New York, 1860.
 Standard pioneer work, in large measure replaced by Batet's biography.
 P o, Jost GAa A os Lx6N T. Memonr de la vida del asomo. SeBor ...
 escrit por el mismo. 3 vols. Madrid, 1894-1897.
 An la g comprising a vivid account of the long public service of one of the most
 able Spanish ofdals of the period. It covers the entire Napoleonic er and eighteen
 years thereafter, although Pisarro' public service ended, much to his dismay, in 1818.
 That dismay colors the memoirs, which were written, certainly with some reference to
 records, in and after 1888. The third volume contains transcript of important docu-
 ments.
 PosT a, Kpnm ar W. John Jacob Astor, Buines Man. 2 vol.l Cambridge,
 1931.
 A highly detailed account, with the emphasis on business activities. It leaves unan-
 swered certain questions concerning Astor's relationship with the State Department.