Brooks: Diplomacy and the Borderlands 27

 "Jabes Lamar M Curry, "Diplomatle Services of George W. Erving,"
Massachusetts Historical Society, Proceeding, Ser. 2, V (1889):17-33.
 Calculation from instreutions to Onis, 1809-1814, in Archivo del Ministerio
de Eatado (Madrid), Estados Unidoe, Legajos 216-221.
 MS biography of Onti (Madrid, 1827); Joe6 Garefa de Le6n y Pisarro,
Memories (Madrid, 1894-1897), 1:201, 206. The assertion that Onis was ap-
pointed minister in 1792 is made in the MS biography. We know that the
appointment of a minister at that time was projected, without definite refer-
ence to the individual, from a memorandum by William Carmiehael, United
States commissioner plenipotentiary, of a conversation he had with Florida-
blanea, dated at Ban Lorenso, November 7, 179L See A.H.N., Est., 8890; also
Bemis, op. oft., pp. 183-184.
 SVilla-Urrutia, op. et., 1:219; Jer6nimo Bicker, Historia de las relaoiones
esteriorue de Bspab durante el sigo XIX (Madrid, 1924-1927), 1:136-137;
Garay to Foronda, June 29, 1809, in A.M.E, 216.
 n Onis to Garay, November 16,1809, in A.H.N., Est., 5635, Apartado 4.
 SOnis to Pisarro, November 14,1817, ibid., 5642.
 SGaray to Oni., July 29, 1809, in A.M.E., 216; Bardaxi to On*a, January
 14 and May 5, 1810, ibid, 217.
 SNarelso de Heredia, "UBposiicfd .. al rey" (June 4, 1817), in Pisarro, op.
 ci., III:271. A copy of the original powers, not the instructions, dated July
 26, 1809, appears in D.S., Notes from Spanish Legation, III.
 SOnia to Garay, October 21, 1809, in A.H.N., Eat., 5635, Apartado 4.
 SJefferson' reference to Charles IV and Ferdinand resulted apparently
 from a confusion of the dispute between those two in 1808 with that between
 the Junta and Joseph which raged in 1809. See Jefferson to Madison, Novem-
 ber 26, 1809, in Jefferson, Writings (Memorial Ed, Washington, 1903-1904),
 XII:328; also Madison papers, MS, Library of Congress.
 SOnf! to Garay, October 21, 1809, in AH.N., Est., 5635, Apartado 4.
 Bardaxi to Onis, April 21, 1810, in A.M.E., 217. Bardaxi held office from
 March, 1810, to February, 1812.
 SIbjd.
 These "Verns" pamphlets are reprinted in Luis de Onis, Memoria sobre
 las negooladones (Madrid, 1820), I, Appendix:14-70. That at least one of
 them was written by someone other than Onis is indicated in chap. iii, p. 63.
 m Onis to Bards January 12, 1811, in A..N., Est., 5637.
 Cevallos to OnfI December 10, 1815, in A.M.E., 237.
 *Oni to Marquis de las Hormasas (Spanish foreign minister), June 17,
 1810, in A.H.N., E, 5636. Bardazi had been appointed foreign minister in
 March, but Onis did not learn of it until July 10, and so continued addressing
 despatches to Hormnass. Such discrepanci were frequent, and presented a
 major obstacle to efficient negotiation. It took anywhere from six weeks to
 four months for mail to reach Madrid from Washington, the latter period
 sometimes being required when mail was routed through England for safety.
 Onai to Bardax September 20, 1810, in A.H.N., E 5636.
 Onis to Bardai, October 31, 1810, ibid.
 SOnia to the eaptain-general of Caraeas, February 2, 1810; translated in
 MS volume on Spaish affairs, 1810-1816, in the secret file of the secretary
 of state, now in the Division of Manuscripts, Library of Congress. Inaccurately
 published in American State Papers (Washington, 1832-1861), Class I, For-
 eign Belation, 111:404.