Preface


the mention individually of only q few who have taken especial
interest beyond their regular lines of duty. Thanks can be but
small measure of my gratitude to Dr. Herbert E. Bolton, by whose
breadth of vision and inspiring guidance I have profited. As one
of the concluding chapters in the narrative of the "Spanish Border-
lands" and as one of many illustrations of the finely interwoven
texture of United States and Hispanic American aairs, this work
is, I am pleased to feel, a contribution in the great field he has de-
veloped.
 Dr. Bemis has aided incalculably through his knowledge of diplo-
matic history and its sources, and with editorial counsel It was at
his suggestion that this research was begun.
 To the Native Sons of the Golden West my thanks are extended
 for financing a sojourn in Europe. Their generosity was accepted
 in the belief that this demonstration of the sea-to-sea aspect of the
 treaty would add to the knowledge of Pacific Coast history. Pro-
 fessor Federico de Onis, of Columbia University, a direct descend-
 ant of Luis de Onis, graciously allowed me to use a manuscript
 biography in his possession, and to reproduce the portrait which
 appears as frontispiece to this work. The late Professor John C.
 Parish, sometime managing editor of the Pacife Historical Beview,
 kindly consented to the reprinting of quotations used in an article
 of mine in that journal.
 Dr. Charles C. Griffn, of Vassar College, has cordially conferred
 with me on various matters. It should be noted, however, that my
 research and that which led to the publication of his United States
 and the Disruption of the Spanish Empire, 1810-1822 (New York,
 1937) were done independently of each other. His work is a com-
 mendable study emphasizing the Spanish political background and
 the Spanish American Revolution, rather than territorial prob-
 lems.
 I wish to acknowledge the aid and encouragement received from
 Seflor Don Miguel G6mez del Campillo, chief of the Archivo His-
 t6rico Nacional in Madrid; Sefior Don Juan Tamayo y Francisco,
 former chief of the Archivo General de Indias in Sevilla; Profes-
 sor Charles E. Chapman, Professor Herbert I. Priestley, Mrs. Edna
 M. Parrat, Dr. Victor M. Hunt, and Dr. Lawrence Kinnaird, all
 of the University of California; the late Dr. J. Franklin Jameson,
 Colonel Lawrence Martin, Miss Grace Gardner Griffin, and Mis