Table 22. Toxicity and trimethacarb Philippines. repellency values for mnethiocarb and tested on bird pest species in the Methiocarb Trimethacarb LD50 R50a LD50 R50a Species (mg/kg) (%) (mg/kg) (%) Lonchura punctulata 4.22 0.06 4.16 0.09 Lonchura malacca 2.37 0.04 3.13 0.05 Lonchura leucogaster 4.22 0.04 23.01 0.09 Passer montanus 8.66 NDb 23.93 ND a R50 values for Lonchura spp. were obtained in b Not determined. previous trials. TRAINING Because of growing recognition of the importance of vertebrate pests to food production and storage in most countries of the world, there is an increasing need for specialists to define, research, and manage these problem species. Recognizing the need for graduate training in the newly emerging field of Vertebrate Pest Management (VPM), the Department of Fishery and Wildlife Biology, Colorado State University (CSU), has developed a cooperative arrangement with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Denver Wildlife Research Center for individuals seeking advanced education in Vertebrate Pest Management and fields related to the control of animal damage. A special effort has been made to address the individual needs of international participants in managing vertebrate pest problems in their home countries. This effort supplements programs presently existing at other universities. The academic program consists of courses such as Principles of Wildlife Management Wildlife Management Techniques Vertebrate Pest Management Wildlife Ecology Statistics Wildlife Biology Seminar Independent Study in Vertebrate Pest Management Mammalogy Ornithology Animal Behavior Wildlife Population Dynamics Wildlife Nutrition Public Relations in Natural Resources Economics of Natural Resources The graduate research may be conducted at Colorado State University, at the Denver Wildlife Research Center, or at various cooperating field stations in the United States or other