Table 10.- Percentage distribution of anticipated monthly retirement in-
come per family by source in the Southern region, according to home tenure
and race.
Sources of Income Anticipated Owners Renters
 at Age 65 White Negro White Negro
 per cent
Social Security 55.9 82.2 73.2 78.7
Investments,
 husbands and wives 21.2 1.1 3.6 -
Employment, husband 7.8 3.4 7.1 10.6
Employment, wife 3.9 1.8 5.3
Railroad Retirement 2.8 2.2 0.9 -
Armed Services 2.8 3.4 2.7 -
Pensions 1.7 4.5 -
State, various 1.7 3.3 -
U. S. Civil Service 1.1 0.9 -
Contributions 0.6 0.9 -
Old Age Assistance 2.7 2.7
All others 0.5 4.4 1.7 2.7
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Average monthly income $179 $90 $112 $75
Number of families 736 66 198 88


 Anticipated Retirement Assets
 More than half of all the assets anticipated at age 65 by
both white and Negro home owners were projected to be in-
vestments in homes and land. Among non-realty items, cash
saved through investment in insurance was of major importance
(Table 11).
 In the southern rural counties surveyed, payment of life
insurance premiums was the usual form of voluntary savings,
especially for renters. Among low-income people industrial
policies predominated, premiums for which were usually paid
on a weekly or monthly basis. Policyholders with relatively
substantial incomes purchased ordinary insurance, which
policies commonly have face values of $1,000 or over, and with
premiums payable annually.7 The cash surrender values shown
in Table 11 are projections based on expected values when the
husbands reach 65.8 In practice, however, industrial policies are

 'Premiums for ordinary policies were also paid semi-annually, quarterly
or monthly, with rates being slightly higher than on an annual basis.
 8A method for projecting cash values for industrial policies was
provided by the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company. Cash values
for ordinary policies were average cash surrender values as calculated
from both participating and non-participating policies of 16 large and
small companies, and according to type of coverage, age of the insured
at issue date of policy, and the age of the policy at date of interview.